Quiz

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Which of the following is the recommended duration of antibiotic therapy for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis in outpatients?

6 weeks

2 weeks (correct)

4 weeks

1 week

What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?

They interfere with the formation of nonfunctional derivatives of folic acid

They inhibit the production of folic acid in bacteria

They kill mature bacteria

They compete with PABA for enzyme binding (correct)

What is the half-life of TMP-SMZ (Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole)?

6 to 11 hours (correct)

1 to 2 hours

4 to 6 hours

12 to 24 hours

What is the suggested treatment if infection recurs after completing antimicrobial therapy?

Prescribe another short course of full-dose antimicrobial therapy followed by a regular bedtime dose of an antimicrobial agent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of ciprofloxacin?

Fragile X syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common adverse effect of ciprofloxacin?

Rash Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin is correct?

Ciprofloxacin is excreted unchanged in the urine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most potent fluoroquinolone against gram-negative bacteria?

Ciprofloxacin Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is most likely to cause initial, uncomplicated UTIs in women?

E. coli Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT important when selecting an ideal medication for UTI treatment in women?

High resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of antibiotic therapy for most cases of uncomplicated UTIs in women?

3 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for UTI recurrence within 2 weeks of therapy?

Remnants of the original offending strain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of TMP-SMZ?

Known hypersensitivity to any sulfa drug Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following adverse effects can occur with the use of TMP-SMZ?

Increased BUN and serum creatinine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a nursing implication when administering TMP-SMZ parenterally?

Flush IV lines before administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of TMP-SMZ?

Inhibition of bacterial synthesis of essential nucleic acids and proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is an adjuvant medication used to treat urinary tract infections?

Trimethoprim Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of assessing for signs and symptoms of superinfection or hypersensitivity reactions?

To identify adverse effects of the medication Signup and view all the answers

Which drug should not be taken by older adults due to the risk of renal, pulmonary, and hepatic toxicities?

Nitrofurantoin Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended fluid intake for patients taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?

2 to 3 liters per day Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reported renal effect of ciprofloxacin?

Azotemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a guideline for reducing nephrotoxicity when using ciprofloxacin?

Avoiding substances that alkalinize the urine Signup and view all the answers

Resistance to fluoroquinolone activity is most frequent in which strains of bacteria?

Methicillin-resistant strains Signup and view all the answers

What is a serious concern with the use of fluoroquinolones?

Tendon rupture and tendinitis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ciprofloxacin is true?

Ciprofloxacin should only be used in pregnant women with anthrax exposure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk associated with the use of fluoroquinolones in pregnant women?

Increased risk of torsade de pointes and sudden death. Signup and view all the answers

Which drug should not be used in conjunction with fluoroquinolones?

Antidysrhythmic amiodarone. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does ciprofloxacin have on theophylline clearance?

Ciprofloxacin decreases theophylline clearance. Signup and view all the answers

What can ciprofloxacin chelate with?

Cations. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about ciprofloxacin interactions is true?

Ciprofloxacin can interact with medications, herbs, and foods. Signup and view all the answers