HIV Infection Process
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Questions and Answers

What type of immune system cell does HIV infect?

  • B Cell
  • T-Killer Cell
  • T Helper Cell (correct)
  • Monocyte

Why do viruses need to use host proteins to reproduce?

  • Because they are not living organisms
  • Because they have a limited genome (correct)
  • Because they have a large genome
  • Because they are parasitic

What is the goal of scientific models, such as the one used to understand HIV infection?

  • To create physically accurate representations
  • To simplify complex biological processes
  • To replicate the virus in a lab
  • To guide an understanding of the process (correct)

How many T-cells are typically found in one milliliter of blood?

<p>1 million (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of HIV slowly reducing the number of T-cells in the blood?

<p>The development of AIDS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are viruses not considered living organisms?

<p>Because they are not capable of reproducing on their own (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the protease enzyme in the viral life cycle?

<p>To assemble the virus during the last step of the infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the reverse transcriptase enzyme in the HIV virus?

<p>To convert the viral RNA to DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are retroviruses particularly difficult to develop vaccines for?

<p>Because their genetic material is prone to mutations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the integrase enzyme in the HIV virus?

<p>To integrate the viral genetic material into the host DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reverse transcription process in the HIV virus?

<p>The production of a double-stranded DNA molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the viral DNA after it is transported into the nucleus?

<p>The host cell's normal DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the layer of proteins within the lipid membrane of HIV?

<p>Capsule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the envelope proteins in HIV?

<p>To attach to the host cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of CD4 antigens in HIV infection?

<p>To attach the virus to the host cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the outermost layer of the HIV virus?

<p>Lipid membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the virion core of HIV?

<p>RNA and associated proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the type of cells that HIV attaches to?

<p>T Helper cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of RNA polymerase in the viral replication process?

<p>To transcribe the viral DNA into RNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the short spliced RNAs in the viral replication process?

<p>To provide the instructions for making viral proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the protease enzyme in the viral replication process?

<p>To assemble the proteins into their final functional forms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the host cell DNA and the viral DNA?

<p>The viral DNA is a section of the host cell DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the golgi apparatus in the viral replication process?

<p>To construct viral proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the long spliced RNAs in the viral replication process?

<p>To become the core of new viruses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the process of budding of a mature virus from its host cell?

<p>The host cell is destroyed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reverse transcriptase in HIV infection?

<p>To transcribe viral RNA into DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What proteins are packaged in a virus?

<p>Integrase, protease, and reverse transcriptase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTI) work?

<p>By blocking the action of integrase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of protease inhibitors in treating HIV?

<p>To block the proteolytic cleavage of viral polyproteins. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it more difficult to develop a vaccine for a retrovirus?

<p>Because it can integrate into the host genome. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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