HIV History and Epidemiology Update

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Questions and Answers

When were the first five cases of AIDS identified in California?

  • 1984
  • 1965
  • 1975
  • 1981 (correct)

Where did the virus that caused the U.S. epidemic emerge from?

  • Africa (correct)
  • South America
  • Europe
  • Asia

Who were the first cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma identified in by late 1981?

  • African children
  • Young, male homosexuals (correct)
  • Elderly Jewish men
  • Teenagers

When did the virus probably arrive in San Francisco?

<p>1970 or 1971 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did the chimpanzee first infect a human, leading to the HIV epidemic?

<p>Africa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first attribution of the five cases of AIDS in California to?

<p>HIV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which countries experienced a small outbreak of the virus before it reached New York City?

<p>Haiti and other Caribbean countries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the virus arrive in New York City from Haiti?

<p>1970 or 1971 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were initially infected in Africa by a chimpanzee?

<p>Adults (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Kaposi’s sarcoma predominantly seen among young individuals late in 1981?

<p>San Francisco and New York (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the age group of individuals in which Kaposi's sarcoma was occasionally seen before the 1981 outbreak?

<p>Elderly individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary location of the unrecognized outbreak in the mid-1960s?

<p>Haiti and other Caribbean countries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the strain of the virus that caused the U.S. epidemic likely arrive in New York City?

<p>1971 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of research on the HIV 'family tree'?

<p>The discovery of the origin of the HIV epidemic in Africa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of the first five cases of AIDS identified in California?

<p>They were all young and male (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was Kaposi's sarcoma a significant occurrence in 1981?

<p>It was a rare occurrence in young individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the year 1984 in the context of HIV?

<p>It was the year the first five cases of AIDS were attributed to HIV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of New York City in the spread of HIV?

<p>It was a hub of transmission for HIV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location where the virus that caused the U.S. epidemic emerged from?

<p>Africa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the research by Worobey et al in 2016?

<p>It built an HIV 'family tree' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event occurred in California in 1981, leading to the first attribution of HIV in 1984?

<p>Identification of young and male individuals with Kaposi’s sarcoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did the virus probably arrive in 1975?

<p>New York City (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the mid to late-1960s outbreak in Haiti and other Caribbean countries?

<p>Emergence of a small outbreak (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the early 20th century, where did a chimpanzee likely first infect a human?

<p>Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic was predominantly affected by Kaposi’s sarcoma and AIDS in the early 1980s?

<p>Young homosexual males (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The research conducted by Worobey et al in 2016 resulted in what significant finding?

<p>Recognition of the HIV strain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of New York City in the spread of HIV?

<p>Hub of transmission in arrival from Haiti (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the virus likely to have caused a small outbreak in Haiti and other Caribbean countries?

<p>Mid to late-1960s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which geographical area is identified as the likely origin of the U.S. epidemic-causing virus?

<p>Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of the virus strain that arrived in New York city from Haiti around 1970 or 1971?

<p>Identified as a strain causing AIDS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

HIV Update

  • In early 1981, 5 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were reported, a rare disease previously seen in elderly Jewish men.
  • By late 1981, 26 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were reported, primarily affecting young, male, and homosexual individuals in San Francisco and New York.

Origin of HIV

  • A chimpanzee is believed to have infected a human with HIV in Africa in the early 20th century.
  • The virus that caused the U.S. epidemic emerged from Africa in the mid to late-1960s.
  • A small outbreak occurred in Haiti and other Caribbean countries before the virus arrived in New York City in 1970 or 1971.

HIV in the United States

  • New York City became a hub of transmission.
  • The virus probably arrived in San Francisco in 1975.
  • The first five cases of AIDS were identified in California in 1981.
  • These cases were attributed to HIV in 1984.

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