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Questions and Answers
The Sumerian Chariot had spoked wheels and was built in 2400 BC.
The Sumerian Chariot had spoked wheels and was built in 2400 BC.
False
The Greek Quadrica was drawn by two horses.
The Greek Quadrica was drawn by two horses.
False
The Roman Carpentum was a favored vehicle of Roman men.
The Roman Carpentum was a favored vehicle of Roman men.
False
John L. Macadam invented the macadamized road around 1815.
John L. Macadam invented the macadamized road around 1815.
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Mail was carried by boys on horses due to poor English roads in the mid 18th century.
Mail was carried by boys on horses due to poor English roads in the mid 18th century.
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The Hobby Horse, an ancestor of the modern bicycle, had inflated tires.
The Hobby Horse, an ancestor of the modern bicycle, had inflated tires.
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Etienne Lenoir introduced the Internal Combustion Engine in the 1860s.
Etienne Lenoir introduced the Internal Combustion Engine in the 1860s.
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Kirk Patrick Macmillan created the first bicycle without pedals.
Kirk Patrick Macmillan created the first bicycle without pedals.
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Transportation refers to the movement of persons and goods rather than just goods alone.
Transportation refers to the movement of persons and goods rather than just goods alone.
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The carrying pole is a method from Europe that involves the use of one shoulder and two men to transport goods.
The carrying pole is a method from Europe that involves the use of one shoulder and two men to transport goods.
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The donkey was the first domesticated animal in the Middle East used primarily as a draft animal.
The donkey was the first domesticated animal in the Middle East used primarily as a draft animal.
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Reindeer were first domesticated in Europe and are primarily ridden with saddles.
Reindeer were first domesticated in Europe and are primarily ridden with saddles.
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The Bactrian camel is known for its endurance and ability to carry heavy loads over great distances.
The Bactrian camel is known for its endurance and ability to carry heavy loads over great distances.
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Horses were historically used in Europe for both riding and drawing wheeled vehicles until mechanized transportation became prevalent.
Horses were historically used in Europe for both riding and drawing wheeled vehicles until mechanized transportation became prevalent.
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The yak is a type of cattle that thrives at the Tibetan Plateau and is used for transport at high altitudes.
The yak is a type of cattle that thrives at the Tibetan Plateau and is used for transport at high altitudes.
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Wind power was never utilized for lifting vessels in transportation.
Wind power was never utilized for lifting vessels in transportation.
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The Department of Public Works and Highways is responsible for the planning of minor roads and local streets.
The Department of Public Works and Highways is responsible for the planning of minor roads and local streets.
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Traffic restraints involve imposing charges for using the transportation system.
Traffic restraints involve imposing charges for using the transportation system.
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The Philippine National Police through the Traffic Management Group does not enforce traffic laws.
The Philippine National Police through the Traffic Management Group does not enforce traffic laws.
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Legislative bodies are involved in planning and approving government projects related to traffic management.
Legislative bodies are involved in planning and approving government projects related to traffic management.
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Traffic sell solution involves allowing inter-zonal traffic to enhance connectivity.
Traffic sell solution involves allowing inter-zonal traffic to enhance connectivity.
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Traffic engineers focus only on road construction and do not consider environmental factors.
Traffic engineers focus only on road construction and do not consider environmental factors.
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Road pricing is aimed at increasing congestion on public transport systems.
Road pricing is aimed at increasing congestion on public transport systems.
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City and Municipal Engineers' Office is responsible for the implementation of national traffic laws.
City and Municipal Engineers' Office is responsible for the implementation of national traffic laws.
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Direction signs provide information as to _____ and destination of a place.
Direction signs provide information as to _____ and destination of a place.
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The octagon shape is used for directional signs.
The octagon shape is used for directional signs.
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Confirmatory signs bear the names of places along with the distances shown.
Confirmatory signs bear the names of places along with the distances shown.
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The color yellow is used as a background for regulatory signs.
The color yellow is used as a background for regulatory signs.
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All traffic signs must fulfill a need and command attention.
All traffic signs must fulfill a need and command attention.
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The rectangle shape is used for signs indicating points of interest.
The rectangle shape is used for signs indicating points of interest.
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Green is the standard color used for warning signs.
Green is the standard color used for warning signs.
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The equilateral triangle with one point vertically up is used for regulatory signs.
The equilateral triangle with one point vertically up is used for regulatory signs.
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Traffic ecology includes the study of urban population explosions and environmental changes.
Traffic ecology includes the study of urban population explosions and environmental changes.
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LOI 551 pertains to the establishment of traffic safety education programs.
LOI 551 pertains to the establishment of traffic safety education programs.
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Traffic economy examines both the positive and negative effects of traffic on the economy.
Traffic economy examines both the positive and negative effects of traffic on the economy.
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The Clean Air Act is specifically focused on improving traffic safety education.
The Clean Air Act is specifically focused on improving traffic safety education.
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Traffic safety aims to reduce the risk of accidents through various multidisciplinary approaches.
Traffic safety aims to reduce the risk of accidents through various multidisciplinary approaches.
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Traffic objectives are only applied in commercial areas and not in local regions.
Traffic objectives are only applied in commercial areas and not in local regions.
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Traffic education involves training and practice in traffic safety applications.
Traffic education involves training and practice in traffic safety applications.
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The composition of traffic streams is not a factor influencing traffic design.
The composition of traffic streams is not a factor influencing traffic design.
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Regulation and control in traffic are based solely on traffic volumes.
Regulation and control in traffic are based solely on traffic volumes.
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The Land Transportation Office is responsible for vehicle registration and driver’s licensing.
The Land Transportation Office is responsible for vehicle registration and driver’s licensing.
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Traffic enforcement is limited to police agencies and does not involve other governmental bodies.
Traffic enforcement is limited to police agencies and does not involve other governmental bodies.
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Congestion at school crossings is one of the scenarios where traffic objectives are applied.
Congestion at school crossings is one of the scenarios where traffic objectives are applied.
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Traffic volumes are irrelevant when planning traffic engineering.
Traffic volumes are irrelevant when planning traffic engineering.
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Study Notes
Transportation
- Transportation is the movement of people and goods from one location to another.
- Nomadic populations historically moved to find pasturelands for their livestock.
- Early transportation methods included carrying poles, back loads, sledges on rollers and runners, travois, and use of animals like oxen, reindeer, dogs, donkeys, llamas, elephants, horses, and camels.
Manpower
- Carrying Pole: Balanced on one shoulder, supported by two people with goods suspended.
- Back Load and Tumpline: Goods carried on the back.
- Sledge on rollers/runners: Heavy burdens placed on a sledge with rollers or runners.
- Travois: A platform on poles to place burdens.
Animal Power
- Ox: First domesticated animals in Mesopotamia, used to draw war chariots.
- Reindeer: First domesticated in Siberia, used as pack animals and for riding.
- Dog: Early domesticated animals, but too small to carry heavy loads.
- Donkey: First domesticated in the Middle East, key pack animal for farmers.
- Llama: Only New World animal domesticated for transport, used as a pack animal in the Inca Empire.
- Elephant: Used in war against Rome, lumber industry in Burma & Thailand.
- Horse: Used in Europe to pull carts or for riding.
- Camel: 2-humped Bactrian camel (Central Asia) and 1-humped Dromedary camel (Arabia) used as pack animals.
- Yak: Used as pack animals in high-altitude areas of the Tibetan Plateau.
Wind Power
- Early kites: Used for transportation in Korea.
- Da Vinci's Ornithopter: Study of bird flight, sketched flapping-wing devices.
- Montgolfier Balloon: First free balloon ascent in 1783.
Roads and Vehicles History
- Wheels were invented in Western Asia.
- Crude carts and wagons appeared in Mesopotamia around 3500 BC.
- Solid wheels on axles were early forms of wheeled carts.
- Sumerian chariots are an example of early wheeled vehicles.
- Greek quadrica with spoked wheels were elegant vehicles.
- Roman cart (carpnetum) favored by women.
- Italian "coccio" (wagon) protected passengers.
- The Romans were major road builders, creating an extensive network.
Hobby Horse/ Dandy Horse
- Early form of bicycle, riders pushed themselves along.
- Invention by Karl von Drais in the 1800s, "draisienne."
Pneumatic Tires
- Invented by John Boyd Dunlop in the late 19th century (around 1888).
Motor Vehicles
- Internal Combustion Engine, developed by Etienne Lenoir (France).
- Important inventors: Nicolaus Otto, Gottlieb Daimler (automobile manufacturer), and Rudolf Diesel.
- Henry Ford introduced the Model T, using mass production methods, in 1908.
Traffic Management
- Traffic management is skillful use of methods to accomplish a purpose.
- Roadway is the part of the traffic way where vehicles travel.
- The shoulder is the area on either side of the roadway.
- Traffic is the movement of people, goods, or vehicles from one place to another.
- Traffic way refers to the entire width of a designated area for vehicles.
- Agencies involved in traffic management include DOTC, DPWH, PNP, City/Municipality, etc.
Traffic Restraints
- Traffic restraints include charges or penalties for using the traffic system.
- Methods of traffic control include traffic cell solutions, pricing charges for parking, and road pricing to influence efficiency.
Traffic Engineering
- Science of studying traffic and travel, involving planning and design of streets and highways.
- Functions of traffic engineering include fact-finding, surveys, recommendations of rules, regulations, supervision and maintenance of traffic devices, and planning.
Traffic Control Devices
- Signs are for regulating, warning, or directing traffic, through symbols and markings.
- Traffic signals use colors (red, yellow, green) to regulate traffic flow.
Traffic Safety Education
- Traffic Safety Education is a process of training traffic users to prevent accidents.
- Factors affecting accidents include human errors (speeding, lack of skill), road deficiencies (poorly designed junctions), and vehicle factors (defective parts).
Traffic Laws, Rules and Regulations
- Sources of traffic laws, rules, & regulations include Republic Acts (R.A.s) and Presidential Decrees (P.D.s)
- Important laws: RA 4136 (Land Transportation Code), RA 6539 (Anti-Carnapping Act), RA 8750 (Seat belts Use Act), etc.
- Letters of Instructions (LOIs) and Departmental Orders (DO's) provide additional guidance.
Driver's License
- Driver's licenses are issued as a privilege, not a right.
- Types of licenses: International, professional, military.
- Requirements include a minimum age, passing of written and road tests, and meeting other conditions.
Traffic Patrol
- Traffic patrol aims to observe traffic conditions and enforce traffic laws.
- Types include: Line patrol (following a route) and Area patrol (covering a wider area).
Traffic Accident Investigation
- Traffic accident investigation seeks to determine the circumstances and causes of accidents.
- Focuses on the "5 Ws and 1 H:" Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How.
Pavement Markings
- Pavement markings are lines, symbols or objects used to regulate and guide traffic.
- Types include: single/double yellow/white lines, pedestrian crosswalks, stopping lines, arrows, traffic islands, etc.
Traffic Islands
- Traffic islands are areas in the roadway used to guide traffic flow.
- Functions: traffic separation, directing traffic, pedestrian safety.
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Description
Explore the fascinating evolution of transportation from ancient to modern times. This quiz covers significant inventions and vehicles, including the Sumerian chariot and the introduction of the internal combustion engine. Test your knowledge of key figures and innovations that shaped how we move goods and people.
