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Questions and Answers
Match the following events with their corresponding years:
Match the following events with their corresponding years:
John Rolfe marries Pocahontas = 1614 Establishment of the House of Burgesses = 1619 First enslaved Africans brought to the colony = 1619 Treaty ceding land to Jamestown = 1646
Match the following figures with their roles or actions:
Match the following figures with their roles or actions:
John Rolfe = Introduced a new type of tobacco Pocahontas = Daughter of Chief Powhatan Chief Powhatan = Leader of the local tribe Colonists = Built forts and settlements
Match the following items with their associated significance:
Match the following items with their associated significance:
Tobacco = Brought prosperity to the colony House of Burgesses = Model for representative government Enslaved Africans = Forced labor on plantations Diseases = Threatened the Powhatan population
Match the following crops with their relevant descriptions:
Match the following crops with their relevant descriptions:
Match the following challenges with their effects on the Powhatan tribe:
Match the following challenges with their effects on the Powhatan tribe:
Match the following historical figures with their roles in the Jamestown settlement:
Match the following historical figures with their roles in the Jamestown settlement:
Match the following events with their significance in Jamestown's history:
Match the following events with their significance in Jamestown's history:
Match the following locations with their descriptions related to Jamestown:
Match the following locations with their descriptions related to Jamestown:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to the Virginia Company:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to the Virginia Company:
Match the following supplies with their uses during the Jamestown settlement:
Match the following supplies with their uses during the Jamestown settlement:
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Study Notes
Founding of Jamestown
- King James I granted a charter to the Virginia Company of London in 1606 to establish a settlement in North America.
- The term "Virginia" referred to the entire eastern coast from Florida to Canada, named after Queen Elizabeth I, the “Virgin Queen.”
Goals of the Virginia Company
- Aimed to find gold and a sea route to the Pacific for quicker access to Asian markets.
- In December 1606, around 100 colonists departed England on three ships, reaching the New World by May.
Location of Jamestown
- Settlers chose a peninsula in the James River, approximately 60 miles from the Chesapeake Bay's mouth.
- The site offered protection from Spanish ships and local Native American tribes, with a narrow connection to the mainland.
- Jamestown included a triangular wooden fort, a storehouse, a church, and several homes.
Early Struggles
- Colonists faced severe hunger and disease upon arrival, termed the "Starving Time."
- The local Algonquian tribes, led by Chief Powhatan, posed a constant threat, though trade developed between them and the settlers.
Key Relationships
- John Smith, a leader of the colony, established a crucial trading relationship with Chief Powhatan by early 1608, exchanging tools for corn.
- After Smith returned to England in 1609, the colony suffered a harsh winter, leading to over 100 deaths and extreme desperation for food.
Reviving the Colony
- The arrival of two ships with 150 new settlers and supplies in spring 1610 helped to revive Jamestown.
- New colonists constructed forts and settlements along the James River, achieving a successful corn harvest by fall 1611.
Cultural Interactions and Economic Development
- John Rolfe's marriage to Pocahontas, Chief Powhatan's daughter, in 1614 fostered a period of relative peace.
- Rolfe introduced a new variety of tobacco that became popular in England, enhancing the colony's prosperity.
Governance and Labor
- In 1619, an elected assembly named the House of Burgesses was established, setting a precedent for representative government in future colonies.
- The first enslaved Africans arrived the same year, beginning a nearly 250-year era of slave labor in America.
Impact on Native Americans
- The Powhatan confederacy was significantly affected by disease and the settlers' encroachment, leading to a 1646 treaty that ceded most of their land to Jamestown.
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