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Questions and Answers
What key innovation did Adolphe Sax bring to instrument design with the creation of the saxophone?
What key innovation did Adolphe Sax bring to instrument design with the creation of the saxophone?
- A recorder fipple combined with a flared horn bell made of wood.
- A double-reed system from a bassoon coupled with a straight bore body made of silver.
- A conical brass body combined with a trombone-style slide mechanism.
- A clarinet-style reed and mouthpiece and a key system adapted from oboes and flutes, combined with the conical brass body. (correct)
Before it became strongly associated with jazz and swing music, in what type of ensembles did the saxophone first gain popularity?
Before it became strongly associated with jazz and swing music, in what type of ensembles did the saxophone first gain popularity?
- Chamber ensembles.
- German opera orchestras requiring extended brass sections.
- String quartets seeking a richer tonal palette.
- French military bands. (correct)
Subsequent to the expiration of Adolphe Sax's patent, what primary modification was implemented by other instrument makers to the original Saxophone design?
Subsequent to the expiration of Adolphe Sax's patent, what primary modification was implemented by other instrument makers to the original Saxophone design?
- Addition of extra keys to expand the instrument's range and improve intonation. (correct)
- Use of newly available forms of resonance enhancement.
- Introduction of a fully chromatic fingering system, replacing the original diatonic setup.
- Replacement of the brass body with a polymer composite material.
What is one attribute for which Stan Getz was best known?
What is one attribute for which Stan Getz was best known?
What is the range mentioned of the saxophone?
What is the range mentioned of the saxophone?
Which musical element, commonly found in Blues music, originates from traditional African musical practices?
Which musical element, commonly found in Blues music, originates from traditional African musical practices?
What social change directly enabled the widespread dissemination of blues music throughout the United States?
What social change directly enabled the widespread dissemination of blues music throughout the United States?
What was a primary challenge faced by Black musicians in the early formalization and promotion of blues music?
What was a primary challenge faced by Black musicians in the early formalization and promotion of blues music?
How did W.C. Handy contribute to the genesis of blues music?
How did W.C. Handy contribute to the genesis of blues music?
What role did Ma Rainey play in solidifying Blues music's presence in popular culture?
What role did Ma Rainey play in solidifying Blues music's presence in popular culture?
Flashcards
What is Blues music?
What is Blues music?
Enslaved Black people in the American South created this music style, characterized by its emotional intensity, simple melodies based on three chords, and sad themes.
What were field hollers and work songs?
What were field hollers and work songs?
These songs were used by enslaved people to communicate and coordinate activities in the fields. They featured African rhythms and involved a lead singer followed by a chorus responding with different lines.
What was 'Laughing Song' and why is it important?
What was 'Laughing Song' and why is it important?
This document marked the first time Black American music was officially recorded, showcasing the genre's early development.
How did the Emancipation Proclamation impact Blues music?
How did the Emancipation Proclamation impact Blues music?
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Who is Ma Rainey and why is she significant?
Who is Ma Rainey and why is she significant?
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Who invented the saxophone?
Who invented the saxophone?
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What makes the saxophone unique?
What makes the saxophone unique?
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When and where did the saxophone become popular?
When and where did the saxophone become popular?
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Name some famous saxophone players.
Name some famous saxophone players.
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What is the musical range of a saxophone?
What is the musical range of a saxophone?
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Study Notes
Blues Music
- Blues music originated from the folk music of enslaved Black people in the Southern US.
- Blues songs are typically emotional and feature sad themes.
- They are usually based around three chords.
- This genre of music influenced the development of jazz, rock, and R&B.
Enslaved People and Music
- Enslaved people in the Southern US used field hollers to communicate in the fields.
- They used call-and-response song melodies to keep time while performing tasks.
- The melody line was sung by a lead singer, and the rest responded with a different line.
- This method combined African rhythms and harmonies with Christian songs.
- Through humming, clapping, and altering the pace, variations of the melody line were repeated over and over.
Emancipation Proclamation
- In 1862, the Emancipation Proclamation stated that enslaved people in the US were free from January 1, 1863.
- This led to freed Black people traveling across the US, and carrying their music with them.
First Black American Recording
- The first Black American recording was made in 1895 by George W. Johnson's "Laughing Song."
- It was promoted as "race music," and at the time, racial segregation existed; therefore, this style of music was exclusively created for Black people.
Ma Rainey
- Ma Rainey (1886-1939) was one of the earliest female blues singers.
- She was part of a traveling minstrel group, performing in cities across the US during the 1920s.
- She was among a number of women blues singers who made recordings to record their classic blues music.
W. C. Handy
- W. C. Handy (1873-1958) was an early musician who helped create folk Blues music.
- He wrote and composed many blues songs, influenced by sounds from train stations while waiting for a train in Mississippi in 1903.
- Heard a man singing a song on his guitar - the sound influenced Handy to write some of the first folk blues music.
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