History of Social Sciences from XVIII Century
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History of Social Sciences from XVIII Century

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of historical materialism as described by Marx and Engels?

  • The relationship between human society and productive activity (correct)
  • The interpretation of historical facts through current perspectives
  • The narrative of past events
  • The creation of hypotheses based on historical narratives
  • Which method involves observing facts to generalize laws?

  • Historical materialism
  • Analytical method
  • Inductive method (correct)
  • Hypothetical deductive method
  • What is the first step in the process of studying history according to the described methods?

  • Collection of relevant information
  • Selection and analysis of evidence
  • Recognition of a problem (correct)
  • Formulation of hypotheses
  • In the historical study process, what does the term 'rigorous compilation' refer to?

    <p>Verification of information authenticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the hypothetical deductive method primarily depend on?

    <p>Creative invention of hypotheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of Social Sciences?

    <p>They analyze the human being in society from various perspectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Herodoto contribute to the field of history?

    <p>He narrated actions and events without interpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by analyzing history from a scientific perspective?

    <p>History is understood as a dynamic process rather than isolated events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main contribution did Leopold von Ranke make to historiography?

    <p>He suggested objective analysis of historical data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study of history aims to answer questions about which of the following?

    <p>The implications of past events on contemporary society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the narrative approach to history?

    <p>It includes the recounting of events without deeper analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes modern analytical history from traditional history?

    <p>It prioritizes objective interpretation of historical events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is commonly associated with the limitations of Herodoto's historical approach?

    <p>He provided a limited viewpoint by not analyzing events critically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of Social Sciences

    • Social Sciences emerged in the XVIII century, focusing on the study of humans both individually and within society.
    • The primary object of study across all Social Sciences is the human being in society.
    • Various disciplines allow for different perspectives on societal phenomena, culture, and intellectual achievements.

    Definition and Nature of History

    • History can be viewed as a narrative of past events and a record of transformations leading to the present.
    • It encompasses explanations of significant events, addressing the "what, how, and why" along with their present implications.
    • Scientific approaches in history shift the perception from static events to dynamic processes.

    Key Historical Figures

    • Herodotus (484-426 B.C.) is regarded as the "father of history," focusing primarily on narrating events in regions like Egypt and Persia.
    • His narratives lack theoretical frameworks and are often seen as limited observations of time.

    Contributions to Historiography

    • Leopold von Ranke (19th century) emphasized objective analysis and interpretation, distancing from personal subjectivity, marking the beginning of modern analytical history known as historiography.

    Marxist Interpretation of History

    • Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels proposed that class struggle drives historical change, highlighting the complexity of interpreting past events in contemporary context.

    Methods of Studying History

    • Hypothetical-Deductive Method: Involves formulating hypotheses based on identified problems or questions.
    • Inductive Method: Derives general laws from observable social phenomena.
    • Historical Materialism: Examines history through productive societal activities.

    Steps in Historical Research

    • Identify a problem or specific historical query needing exploration.
    • Compile relevant information and conduct thorough research.
    • Develop hypotheses to explain relationships among historical factors.
    • Gather evidence, organize findings, and verify the authenticity of sources.
    • Analyze data, draw conclusions, and document results for further understanding.

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    Description

    Explore the evolution of Social Sciences since the XVIII century. This quiz delves into the contributions of various thinkers and researchers who shaped the understanding of human beings as both individuals and members of society. Understand the interconnections between the different branches of social sciences through this engaging quiz.

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