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Questions and Answers
What was the earliest kind of print technology developed in China, Japan, and Korea?
How were books printed in China from AD 594 onwards?
What was the traditional Chinese book format due to the limitation of printing on both sides of the paper?
Who was the major producer of printed material for a very long time in China?
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What kind of activities did the new readership in urban China prefer as reading became a leisure activity?
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What led to an increase in the volume of print in China from the sixteenth century?
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What was the primary material used for luxury editions of books meant for aristocratic circles and rich monastic libraries?
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Who initially purchased the cheaper printed copies of books in the university towns?
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Why was the production of handwritten manuscripts organized in new ways?
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What was a drawback of handwritten manuscripts that led to their limited circulation?
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What became more and more popular in Europe for printing textiles, playing cards, and religious pictures with simple, brief texts?
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Where did Johann Gutenberg develop the first-known printing press?
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What was a major reason for booksellers to employ scribes or skilled handwriters?
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Why did the demand for woodblock printing gradually increase in Europe?
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What was the main reason why manuscripts could not satisfy the ever-increasing demand for books?
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What was the oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, known as?
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In medieval Japan, what were regularly published and considered cheap and abundant?
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What flowed into Europe through the silk route for centuries before Chinese paper reached Europe?
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Who brought the knowledge of woodblock printing from China to Europe?
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In late eighteenth-century Edo (later Tokyo), what kind of collections depicted an elegant urban culture involving artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings?
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What technology did Buddhist missionaries from China introduce into Japan around AD 768-770?
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What was the content of the oldest Japanese book printed in AD 868?
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In medieval Japan, what were regularly published?
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What was the subject matter of the illustrated collections of paintings in the late eighteenth century urban circles at Edo?
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How did paper reach Europe from China in the eleventh century?
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Who brought the knowledge of woodblock printing technology back to Italy from China?
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What was the significant impact of Marco Polo's return to Italy on printing technology?
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Study Notes
Early Print Technology in East Asia
- The earliest kind of print technology developed in China, Japan, and Korea was woodblock printing.
Book Printing in China
- From AD 594, books were printed in China using woodblock printing technology.
- The traditional Chinese book format was a scroll, due to the limitation of printing on both sides of the paper.
- The major producer of printed material in China for a long time was the Buddhist monasteries.
Reading Habits in Urban China
- As reading became a leisure activity, the new readership in urban China preferred activities like storytelling, poetry, and novels.
Increase in Print Volume in China
- From the sixteenth century, an increase in the volume of print in China was led by the growing demand for books.
Luxury Editions of Books
- The primary material used for luxury editions of books meant for aristocratic circles and rich monastic libraries was high-quality paper.
Purchasers of Printed Copies
- Initially, students and scholars in university towns purchased the cheaper printed copies of books.
Handwritten Manuscripts
- The production of handwritten manuscripts was organized in new ways due to the high demand for books.
- A drawback of handwritten manuscripts was their limited circulation, leading to the rise of printing technology.
Development of Printing Press
- Johann Gutenberg developed the first-known printing press in Europe.
- Booksellers employed scribes or skilled handwriters due to the high demand for books.
Woodblock Printing in Europe
- Woodblock printing became popular in Europe for printing textiles, playing cards, and religious pictures with simple, brief texts.
- The demand for woodblock printing gradually increased in Europe due to its affordability and accessibility.
Oldest Japanese Book
- The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, was known as the "Diamond Sutra".
- It contained Buddhist scriptures and was printed using woodblock technology.
Medieval Japan
- In medieval Japan, almanacs were regularly published and considered cheap and abundant.
Paper in Europe
- Paper flowed into Europe through the silk route for centuries before Chinese paper reached Europe.
- Marco Polo brought the knowledge of woodblock printing from China to Europe.
Late Eighteenth-Century Edo
- In late eighteenth-century Edo (later Tokyo), collections depicted an elegant urban culture involving artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings.
- These collections were illustrated with paintings, focused on urban culture.
Buddhist Missionaries in Japan
- Buddhist missionaries from China introduced woodblock printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770.
Illustrated Collections
- The illustrated collections of paintings in the late eighteenth century urban circles at Edo focused on elegant urban culture.
- The subject matter of these collections involved artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings.
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Description
Explore the early print technology development in China, Japan, and Korea, including the invention of hand printing, woodblock printing, and the unique accordion book format. Learn about the skilled craftsmen who were able to accurately duplicate calligraphy in printed books.
