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History of Plumbing: Romans and the Use of Lead
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History of Plumbing: Romans and the Use of Lead

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Questions and Answers

Type L copper tubing is color coded ______

blue

The M type copper tubing is specially designed for small water supply lines and for a radiant heating installation - copper tubing is color coded ______

red

DWV copper tube is used in nonpressure applications and is made in ______ temper only

hard

Advantage of copper pipe - Copper is naturally ______ metal

<p>corrosion-resistant</p> Signup and view all the answers

Copper pipes also encounter problems from water acidity, so they are not good to install for plumbing systems that draw water from a ______

<p>well</p> Signup and view all the answers

Red brass piping, consisting of approximately 85% copper and 15% zinc, is used as water supply ______

<p>piping</p> Signup and view all the answers

Surface water is water that collects on the ground or in a stream, river, lake, reservoir, or ______.

<p>ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cistern can fill with rainwater as it drains from the roof of a building or a more elaborate ______ system.

<p>collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

Groundwater seeps through the soil and is trapped on impervious stratum, a layer of soil or rock that water cannot pass through. The water collects in pores of permeable stratum; a layer of porous earth that water can pass through such as sands, gravels, limestone, or ______.

<p>basalt</p> Signup and view all the answers

Saturated permeable stratum capable of providing a usable supply of water is known as an ______.

<p>aquifer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ground water, which is obtained by drilling wells, is water located below the ground surface in pores and spaces in the ______.

<p>rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

Community water systems obtain water from two sources: Surface water and ______ water.

<p>ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

A metal used as plumbing material by the Romans, preferred for its twin properties of malleability and resistant to ______

<p>acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Historians theorize that lead leaching into drinking water from water supply pipes and lead from other sources poisoned the Roman aristocracy, contributing to the decline of the Roman ______

<p>Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before the decades of the 40’s, household plumbing installation was considered as a luxury item available only to the upper crust of the ______

<p>society</p> Signup and view all the answers

Majority of the population, aside from not being able to afford plumbing installation in their homes, were still unaware of the importance of sanitation facilities in the form of an efficient water supply and waste disposal ______

<p>system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most of the households, particularly in the rural areas, were adopting the indigenous and ingenious methods of water supply and waste disposal, unmindful of the ill effects brought about by poor ______

<p>sanitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water is the name given to the liquid compound H2O. In a pure state, it is tasteless and ______

<p>oderless</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ is designed to allow quick and convenient disconnection of pipes for maintenance or fixture replacement.

<p>union</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ is a fitting consisting of a short piece of pipe, usually provided with a male pipe thread at each end, for connecting to other fittings.

<p>nipple</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ is used to cover the end of a pipe and is liquid or gas tight.

<p>cap</p> Signup and view all the answers

Valves are used to control the flow of ______ throughout the system.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

A gate ______ is a manual ______ that seals tightly against two metal seats when closed and is usually used where the flow of the water is left either completely opened or closed for most of the time. The gate ______ is not used to regulate flow of water but to shut off the flow of water to fixtures and equipment during repairs or replacement.

<p>valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ is a device that regulates, directs, or controls the flow of a fluid by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways.

<p>valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Globe valve is commonly used in lavatories and hose connections to regulate the flow of ______.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Angle valve operates by compressing a washer against a metal seat to cut the flow of ______.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ball valve has a ball with a hole through it that, when in line with the valve openings, allows full flow of ______ to occur.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Check valve opens to allow the flow of water in the desired direction and prevents flow in the ______ direction.

<p>other</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow control valve automatically adjusts the rate of water flow to a predetermined flow rate as pressure in the system ______.

<p>varies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flushometer is a valve-like device designed to supply a fixed quantity of water for flushing toilets and urinals, shutting off after a measured amount of water flow to conserve ______.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

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