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Questions and Answers
In what year was the Plumbing Trade officially recognized by the government in Manila?
Who became the first Chief of the Division of Plumbing Construction and Inspection?
Which law was enacted in June 1955 that pertains to plumbing in the Philippines?
What type of water is defined as suitable for human consumption?
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What is the function of aqueducts in modern engineering?
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Which act was formally organized in 1935 to support the plumbing industry in the Philippines?
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Which commission adopted the Revised Plumbing Code of 1999?
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What is the name given to the rocks that store and transmit groundwater?
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What is the main function of a plumbing system?
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Which term describes a beginner plumber who serves as a helper?
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What is the correct definition of sanitary work in plumbing?
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What does the term plumbum refer to in the context of plumbing?
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What is a key characteristic of a master plumber?
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Which type of waste is carried by a soil pipe?
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What does the W in DWV stand for?
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What is an air gap in a plumbing system?
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What is the primary function of a valve in a plumbing system?
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Which type of wrench is specifically designed for use on faucets?
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What tool is primarily used to cut pipes during pipe work?
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Which tool is most appropriate for clearing blockages in drains?
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What is the function of thread sealing tape in plumbing?
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What is the shape of a tee fitting in plumbing?
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Which of the following tools is best for achieving a tight seal between a pipe and a fitting?
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What is the primary advantage of using unions in plumbing?
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What is the primary function of a clean-out in plumbing systems?
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What characterizes a soil pipe in plumbing systems?
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How does a vent pipe function within a drainage system?
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What is the definition of a trap seal?
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What does a vent stack primarily provide for a drainage system?
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Which of the following best describes a riser in plumbing?
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What is the purpose of a stack vent in a plumbing system?
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Which statement regarding waste pipes is true?
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What is the primary purpose of a snake machine in plumbing?
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Which safety tool is specifically designed to protect a plumber's sight?
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What is the function of a PEX expander in plumbing?
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Which type of water closet is the least expensive but also the noisiest?
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What distinguishes a one-piece water closet from other types?
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What type of water closet design is often referred to as the 'Eastern type'?
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Which of these types of plumbing fixtures is NOT typically found in residences?
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Which type of toilet bowl design is intended for limited space?
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Study Notes
Brief History of Plumbing Practice in the Philippines
- Plumbing trade formally recognized in Manila in 1902
- John F. Haas, the first Chief of the Division of Plumbing Construction and Inspection
- National Master Plumbers Association of the Philippines (NAMPAP) established in 1935
- “Plumbing Code of the City of Manila” enacted in 1935 under the Department of Public Services
- The “Plumbing Law of the Philippines” (R.A. 1378) enacted in 1955
- National Plumbing Code of the Philippines was approved in 1959
- “Building Code of the Philippines” (Republic Act No. 6541) passed in 1972, referencing the National Plumbing Code of 1959
- The Revised Plumbing Code of 1999 approved in 1999, based on the Plumbing Law (R.A. 1378)
Water Sources
- Surface water: Water found in lakes, rivers, and reservoirs
- Groundwater: Water found beneath the surface of the land, traveling through rock formations
- Aquifers: Rock formations that store and transmit groundwater
- Potable water: Water suitable for human consumption, also known as fresh water
Plumbing System
- The art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and apparatuses for supplying and removing fluids
- Plumbing system: Any system that conveys fluids for various applications
Plumbers
- Plumbers are skilled professionals in the field of sanitation
- Plumbarius: Ancient Roman term for someone working in the sanitary field
- Three categories of plumbers:
- Apprentice plumber: Beginner working under a journeyman for 3-5 years
- Journeyman plumber: Competent to install and repair plumbing
- Master plumber: Licensed and qualified to practice without limitations
Plumbing Fixtures
- Water closet: Plumbing fixture for human waste disposal
- Urinal: Plumbing fixture for male urination
- Lavatory: Sink used for hand washing
- Bidet: Plumbing fixture used for personal cleansing
- Kitchen sink: Sink used for washing dishes and food preparation
- Bath tub: Fixture for bathing and showering
Water Closet Types
-
Design:
- Siphon washdown: Least expensive but noisiest
- Siphon jet: Silent operation with submerged jet
- Siphon Vortex: Swirling action for flushing
- Reverse trap: Trap way located at the rear of the water closet
-
Installation:
- One piece: Bowl and flush tank molded together
- Close coupled: Separate flush tank attached to toilet bowl
- Pail flush: Bowl without a flush tank
- Squat bowl: “Eastern type,” requiring squatting position
-
Components:
- Flush tank: Holds water for flushing
- Flush valve: Controls water flow for flushing
-
Bowl Design:
- Round front: For limited space
- Elongated front: More comfortable, larger size
Plumbing Terminology
- Sanitary work: Carrying wastewater to the sewage system through plumbing fixtures
- Waste disposal: System for removing wastewater
- Solid waste: Discharge from water closets
- Liquid waste: Discharge from various fixtures
- Soil pipe: Conveys waste from water closets to the drainage system
- Waste pipe: Conveys waste other than from water closets to the drainage system
- Drainage Waste Vent (DWV): Combined drainage system for solid and liquid waste and ventilation
- Air Gap: Unobstructed vertical space between a water supply pipe and the flood level rim of a receptacle
- Back flow: Flow of water from unintended sources into potable water supply pipes
- Fixture unit: Average discharge rate of a plumbing fixture
- Clean Out (CO): Opening allowing access to a pipe for cleaning
- Riser: Vertical pipe conveying water to branches or fixtures
- Soil pipe: Pipe conveying waste from water closets to the building drain
- Stack: Vertical main for soil, waste, or vent piping
- Stack/Soil Vent: Extension of soil or waste stack above the highest drainage connection
- Vent pipe: Pipe providing airflow for ventilation and protection against siphonage
- Vent Stack: Vertical vent pipe for air circulation within the drainage system
- Trap: Fitting with a liquid seal preventing backflow of air
- Trap Seal: Depth of liquid retained within a trap
- Waste pipe: Pipe conveying liquid waste without fecal matter
- Water distributing pipe: Conveys water from the service pipe to fixtures
- Water service pipe: Pipe connecting the water main to a building
- Tee: T-shaped fitting for connecting pipes
- Union: Removable fitting, convenient for maintenance
- Valve : Used for regulating or stopping fluid flow
- Wye: Y-shaped fitting connecting three pipes
- Cap: Fitting for closing pipe openings
- Olet: Fitting used when standard-sized fittings are unsuitable
- Plug: Fitting for closing pipe openings during repairs
Wrenches & Tools
- Wrench: A tool for tightening or loosening pipes, fittings, bolts, and nuts
- Pipe wrench: Grips round materials
- General wrench: Used on nuts and bolts with flat surfaces
- Adjustable Wrench: Tightens and loosens hexagonal nuts and pipe fittings
- Basin Wrench: T-shaped tool for working on faucets
- Faucet key: Small, X-shaped tool for opening and closing spigots and sill cocks
- Hacksaw: Cuts pipes, bolts, and nuts
- Tube and plastic pipe cutter: Cuts pipes
- Plumber's torch: Applies heat for soldering and sealing
- Thread sealing tape: Prevents leaks at threaded joints
- Pliers: Loosen and tighten small pipe works
- Press fitting system: Creates impermeable connections for pipes
Clearing Clogs
- Plunger: Used to remove blockages in drains and pipes
- Hand Auger: Removes clogs by driving a cable deep into a drain
- Snake Machine: Larger version of a hand auger for deeper clogs
Safety Tools
- Googles: Eyewear protecting the eyes during work
- Gloves: Protect plumber's hands while handling materials
- Heat shields/pads: Protect plumbers from heat during soldering
Other Essentials
- PEX expander: Widens the mouth of a pipe for fittings
- Crimpers: Join multiple pieces of metal or other material by deforming them
Common Plumbing Fixtures in Residences
- Water closet
- Urinal
- Lavatory
- Bidet
- Kitchen sink
- Bath tub
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Description
Explore the evolution of plumbing practices in the Philippines, starting from its formal recognition in Manila in 1902 to the establishment of vital plumbing codes. This quiz covers key milestones such as the Plumbing Law of 1955 and the Revised Plumbing Code of 1999. Test your knowledge on the historical context and regulations that shaped the plumbing trade.
