History of Nursing Schools in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

Who established the first general hospital in Rome?

  • Fabiola (correct)
  • Phoebe
  • Linda Richards
  • Mary Mahoney

    • When was the first Nurses Law enacted in the Philippines?

  • 1921
  • 1910
  • 1953
  • 1919 (correct)

    • Who is considered the father of Medicine?

  • Linda Richards
  • Fabila
  • Clara Barton
  • Hippocrates (correct)

    • Which organization established the ethical standard for the nursing profession?

    <p>International Council of Nurses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the first College of Nursing established in the Philippines?

    <p>University of Santo Tomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historical figure provided nursing care to wounded soldiers during the Philippine-American War?

    <p>Hilaria de Aguinaldo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which year did the Filipino Nurses Association (PNA) get established?

    <p>1921</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who among the graduates was specialized in General Care of Medical Cases?

    <p>Quintana Beley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which period did World War II break out?

    <p>1941</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the Japanese team leave the country, allowing the Filipino staff to continue work?

    <p>1946</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed looking into the possibility of offering a BSN Program for nurses at St. Luke's Hospital?

    <p>Mrs. Ester A. Santos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the BSN proposal initially shelved by the Board of Trustees?

    <p>Requirements for a collegiate program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event led to the incorporation of the St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing?

    <p>Graduation of the post-war class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many student nurses were present at St. Luke's Hospital before Miss Hicks left for the US?

    <p>22</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the Principal of the School when the proposal for a BSN Program was made?

    <p>Mrs. Ester A. Santos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did schools resume after Japanese doctors and nurses took over St. Luke’s Hospital?

    <p>1946</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the superintendent of nurses in the early part of 1923?

    <p>Mrs. Weiser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Mary Vita Beltran obtain an M.A. Degree?

    <p>1946</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did the first graduates of the St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing have their commencement exercises?

    <p>Columbia Club in Ermita</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did the St. Luke’s Hospital open as a small dispensary?

    <p>1907</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the first 3 students of St. Luke's Hospital mentioned in the text?

    <p>Quintana Beley, Veneranda Sulit, and Candida Goco</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for electrolytes that is calculated by multiplying millimoles per liter by the electrolyte charge?

    <p>Milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a fluid that is more concentrated than another with fewer particles?

    <p>Hypertonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inward-pulling force caused by particles in the fluid called?

    <p>Osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates the osmolality of body fluids and influences water reabsorption in the renal tubules?

    <p>Antidiuretic Hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary regulator of fluid intake in the body?

    <p>Thirst mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process requires energy in the form of ATP to move electrolytes across cell membranes against the concentration gradient?

    <p>Active Transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for osmolality, representing the number of particles per kilogram of water?

    <p>$275-295$ mOsm/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Atrial Natriuretic Peptide play in regulating extracellular volume?

    <p>Opposes the effect of aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force of the fluid pressing outward against a surface?

    <p>Hydrostatic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What daily weight change is considered significant in terms of fluid status?

    <p>2.5 lbs in 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory study helps assess hydration status?

    <p>Serum electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range considered normal for arterial blood?

    <p>7.35 - 7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is crucial for muscle function and contractility?

    <p>Calcium (Ca2+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the acid-base balance, what does the PaCO2 value represent?

    <p>CO2 level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Decreased bicarbonate levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating IV volume using drop factor and drip factor?

    <p>$rac{vol in mL imes drop factor}{hrs imes mins}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ excretes metabolic acids in the body?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Historical Milestones in Nursing and Medicine

    • The first general hospital in Rome was established by Emperor Augustus.
    • The first Nurses Law in the Philippines was enacted in 1955.
    • Hippocrates is recognized as the father of Medicine.
    • The American Nurses Association established the ethical standard for the nursing profession.
    • The first College of Nursing in the Philippines was founded by the University of the East.

    Nursing During Wars

    • During the Philippine-American War, Florence Nightingale provided nursing care to wounded soldiers.
    • The Filipino Nurses Association (PNA) was established in 1945.
    • Graduates specializing in General Care of Medical Cases were trained in various areas of nursing.

    World War II Impact

    • World War II broke out in 1939.
    • The Japanese team left the Philippines in 1945, allowing the Filipino staff to resume work.

    Nursing Education Developments

    • Dr. Jose P. Rizal proposed exploring the possibility of a BSN Program at St. Luke's Hospital.
    • The BSN proposal was initially shelved due to financial constraints from the Board of Trustees.
    • The incorporation of St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing was prompted by increased demand for qualified nurses.

    St. Luke's Hospital School of Nursing

    • Before Miss Hicks' departure for the US, there were 10 student nurses present at St. Luke's Hospital.
    • The Principal of the School when the BSN Program proposal was made was Miss Mamie D. Nadu.
    • Schools resumed operations in 1946 after Japanese doctors and nurses had taken over St. Luke’s Hospital.
    • The superintendent of nurses at St. Luke's in the early part of 1923 was Miss Mary Vita Beltran.

    Academic Achievements

    • Mary Vita Beltran obtained an M.A. Degree in 1940.
    • The first graduates of the St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing had their commencement exercises at St. Luke’s Hospital in 1946.
    • St. Luke’s Hospital originally opened as a small dispensary in 1903.

    Pioneering Students

    • The first three students of St. Luke's Hospital were Misses Maria, Claudia, and Esther.

    Electrolyte and Fluid Regulation

    • Equivalents are the unit of measurement for electrolytes calculated by multiplying millimoles per liter by the electrolyte charge.
    • A hypertonic solution describes a fluid that is more concentrated than another with fewer particles.
    • The inward-pulling force caused by particles in fluid is known as oncotic pressure.
    • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates the osmolality of body fluids and influences water reabsorption in renal tubules.
    • Thirst is the primary regulator of fluid intake in the body.

    Cellular Processes and Body Regulation

    • Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP to move electrolytes across cell membranes against their concentration gradient.
    • The normal osmolality range is 280-300 mOsm/kg, representing the number of particles per kilogram of water.
    • Atrial Natriuretic Peptide helps regulate extracellular volume by promoting sodium excretion and fluid loss.
    • Hydrostatic pressure refers to the force of fluid pressing outward against a surface.

    Clinical Measurements

    • A daily weight change of 2 pounds (0.9 kg) is considered significant in assessing fluid status.
    • A BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) test helps assess hydration status.
    • The normal pH range for arterial blood is 7.35-7.45.

    Electrolyte Functions and Acid-Base Balance

    • Potassium is crucial for muscle function and contractility.
    • The PaCO2 value in acid-base balance indicates the respiratory function in acid-base homeostasis.
    • Causes of metabolic alkalosis include prolonged vomiting, excessive bicarbonate intake, or diuretics.
    • The formula for calculating IV volume is: Volume (mL) = (Drop Factor/Drip Factor) × Time (hours) × Flow Rate (mL/hour).
    • The kidneys excrete metabolic acids in the body.

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    Description

    Discover the historical timeline of nursing schools in the Philippines, including the establishment of Paul’s Hospital School of Nursing and St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing. Learn about the pioneering efforts that led to the first trained nurses graduating in 1909 with minimal admission requirements.

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