Questions and Answers
What was Hippocrates known for in the field of medicine?
Which Greek physician established the four humors theory?
What major development occurred in the medical field during the 18th century?
What diagnostic technique involved the analysis of urine in medieval Europe?
Signup and view all the answers
Which invention is associated with John Hutchinson?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant event occurred in the medical profession by 1969?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following medical advancements was notable in the 20th century?
Signup and view all the answers
What role did technical laboratories play in the mid-1900s?
Signup and view all the answers
Who developed the electrocardiograph, which measures electrical changes during heartbeats?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant advancement in medical technology occurred in 1859?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the purpose of the Drinker respirator developed in 1927?
Signup and view all the answers
Which institution opened the William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine in 1895?
Signup and view all the answers
In which year was the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) established?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is credited with the development of the first method for certifying medical technologists nationally in 1918?
Signup and view all the answers
What was one of the main functions of the clinical laboratories directed by chief physicians in the 1920s?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the focus of the 'Kenny Method' invented in 1910?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hospital was the first established by the Spaniards in the Philippines in 1565?
Signup and view all the answers
In what year was cardiac catheterization discovered as a safe method in humans?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
History of Medical Technology: Global Context
- Hippocrates (300 BC - 180 AD), known as the Father of Medicine, authored the Hippocratic Oath and utilized urine tasting, lung examination, and visual observations for disease diagnosis.
- Galen, a prominent Greek physician, measured body fluids to assess disorders and identified the four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile, connecting fluid intake to urine volume.
- In Medieval Europe (500-1500 AD), diagnosis relied on uroscopy, with failure to examine patient urine leading to severe consequences for physicians; physical examinations were not conducted.
- The 18th century (1700-1800) saw mechanical techniques and cadaver dissections improve diagnostic accuracy, with the establishment of laboratories for chemical analysis in the mid-1800s.
- The 19th century (1800-1900) introduced diagnostic machines; notable inventions included Hutchinson's spirometer for lung capacity and Herisson’s sphygmomanometer for blood pressure.
- Medical chemistry began diagnosing diabetes, anemia, and syphilis, with laboratories regulated by the CDC emerging in the mid-1900s.
- Major advancements in the 20th century included the electron microscope for cellular visualization and new imaging technologies like MRI; by 1969, 80% of medical professionals were non-physicians.
Medical Equipment Development
- Stethoscope invented by René Laennec in 1816 for lung and heart assessment.
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek created the microscope in 1840, enabling advances in medical research.
- Hermann von Helmholtz introduced the ophthalmoscope in 1850 for eye examinations.
- The laryngoscope developed by Manuel Garcia in 1855 facilitated throat and larynx observation.
- Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays in 1859, allowing internal body visualization without surgery.
- William Einthoven’s electrocardiograph in 1903 measured heart electrical activity.
- Elizabeth Kenny’s method in 1910 treated polio and included the invention of the Sylvia stretcher.
- Philip Drinker developed the Drinker Respirator in 1927 to assist polio patients with breathing.
- Cardiac catheterization and angiography, first operated by Forsmann in 1929, became important diagnostic tools by the 1940s.
History of Medical Technology in the United States
- The University of Pennsylvania’s William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine opened in 1895 to enhance clinical laboratory services.
- John Kolmer established national certification methods for medical technologists in 1918, publishing an influential course description.
- By 1920, clinical laboratory administration in hospitals was organized under a chief physician, with key divisions including pathology and microbiology.
- The American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) was founded in 1922, promoting cooperation between physicians and pathologists and establishing ethical codes for technicians.
- In 1950, US medical technologists sought professional recognition through licensure laws to validate their educational credentials.
History of Medical Technology in the Philippines
- The first hospital, Hospital Real, was established in Cebu by Spaniards in 1565 and later moved to Manila for military patients.
- San Lazaro Hospital was constructed by Franciscans in 1578 to care for the poor and lepers.
- In 1611, the University of Santo Tomas (UST) was founded by Dominicans, later establishing faculties for pharmacy and medicine in 1871.
- The Hospital de San Jose was set up in Cavite in 1641, highlighting early medical institutional efforts.
- Provincial medical officers began providing health services in 1876, intensifying healthcare administration.
- The Laboratorio Municipal de Manila, established in 1887, was responsible for food, water, and clinical sample examinations, although it did not address outbreaks.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the fascinating evolution of medical technology through history, focusing on key figures like Hippocrates and Galen. This quiz delves into ancient practices, diagnostic methods, and the foundational principles that shaped modern medicine.
