Questions and Answers
What characterizes Web 1.0 as opposed to Web 2.0?
Which feature is NOT typically associated with Web 2.0?
Which statement best describes a key feature of Web 3.0?
What is a defining characteristic of folksonomy in web applications?
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Which of the following platforms is an example of user participation on the web?
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What was the purpose of the first supercomputers in the 1950s?
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Which protocol suite became the technical foundation of the Internet?
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What significant event prompted the U.S. to recognize the need for a resilient communication system?
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What does the term 'Internet' refer to?
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Who was responsible for forming ARPA to advance computer network research?
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Study Notes
History of the Internet
- The origins trace back to the USA in the 1950s during the Cold War.
- Tensions between the USA and the Soviet Union led to the development of the internet.
- Early supercomputers were designed for simulations, code breaking, and data consolidation.
- The launch of Sputnik I in 1957 prompted the US to create a communication system resilient to nuclear attacks.
Key Developments
- The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network.
- ARPANET implemented the transmission-control protocol suite (TCP/IP), forming the foundation of the Internet.
- President Dwight D. Eisenhower established ARPA to gather top scientific talent for advanced research.
Network Concepts
- A network consists of interconnected computers that exchange data, likened to a social circle sharing information.
- The Internet is a vast "network of networks," including private, public, academic, business, and government connections.
Evolution of the World Wide Web
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WEB 1.0 (Static Web)
- Characterized as a “read-only web,” similar to a library.
- Users can read and explore web pages but cannot add content.
- Example: Personal web pages that provide owner information without updates.
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WEB 2.0 (Social Web)
- Known as the “interactive web,” likened to a workshop or party.
- Users can interact with websites, communicate with others, and contribute content.
- Examples include social media platforms like Facebook, Wikipedia, and YouTube.
Key Features of WEB 2.0
- Folksonomy: Users categorize information using self-chosen keywords or tags (e.g., hashtags on Twitter and Instagram).
- Rich User Interface: Content is dynamic and adapts to user inputs, enhancing user experience.
- User Participation: Content creation is democratized, allowing anyone to contribute through comments, reviews, or evaluations.
WEB 3.0 (Semantic Web)
- Described as the “web of meaning,” akin to having a personal web assistant.
- Users can conduct intelligent searches, with browsers retrieving relevant information and suggesting content.
- Examples include Google search suggestions and news aggregation based on user preferences.
Types of Social and Content Platforms
- Social Networking Sites: Connect users with similar interests (e.g., Facebook).
- Link Management Sites: Organize and share web resources (e.g., Pinterest).
- News Aggregation Sites: Users post news items and comment (e.g., Reddit).
- Media Sharing Sites: Allow users to upload and share content (e.g., YouTube, Instagram).
- Microblogging Sites: Users share short updates (e.g., Twitter).
- Blogging Platforms: Users can post content with comment features (e.g., WordPress, Tumblr).
Operating Systems
- iOS: Developed for Apple devices (iPhone, iPad).
- Android: Open-source OS from Google, available for free use.
- Windows Phone OS: A proprietary OS developed by Microsoft.
- Web OS: Initially for smartphones; now used in Smart TVs.
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Description
This quiz covers the key topics from Lesson 2 of Unit I on the History of the Internet, including the origins of the World Wide Web and trends in ICT. Learners will explore how historical events shaped the development of internet technologies.
