History of Disease Control

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Questions and Answers

Who introduced the concept that specific infectious disease is caused by a specific microorganism?

  • Robert Koch
  • Louis Pasteur (correct)
  • Ignaz Semmelweis
  • Alexander Fleming

What was the significance of Pasteur's swan-necked flask experiment in the defeat of spontaneous generation?

  • Showed that air could not enter the flask
  • Led to the rejection of the theory of spontaneous generation (correct)
  • Prevented microorganisms from entering the flask
  • Demonstrated the process of sterilization

Which scientist studied anthrax, used mice in experiments, and developed a set of postulates to establish a causative relationship between microorganisms and diseases?

  • Alexander Fleming
  • Ignaz Semmelweis
  • Robert Koch (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur

What happened when Robert Koch transferred blood from a diseased mouse into a healthy mouse?

<p>Both mice became ill (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was done to the liquid in Pasteur's flask to ensure that no microorganisms grew?

<p>Sterilized by heating (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is known for his contributions to handwashing in healthcare and fighting against puerperal fever?

<p>Ignaz Semmelweis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who demonstrated that wine diseases are caused by bacteria that can change alcohol into acetic acid?

<p>Louis Pasteur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pasteurization technique?

<p>To kill microorganisms in food and beverages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which temperature is typically used in the classic pasteurization treatment of milk?

<p>63°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of vaccination?

<p>To stimulate the immune system to develop immunity against a pathogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism did Louis Pasteur develop a vaccine for?

<p>Chicken cholera (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the development of the Germ Theory of Disease?

<p>Louis Pasteur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the germ theory of disease provide that was previously lacking in understanding the cause of human diseases?

<p>Definitive proof of the role of microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ignaz Semmelweis believe would reduce cases of puerperal fever in hospitals?

<p>Handwashing by hospital staff (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Austrian hospital was Ignaz Semmelweis employed in when he observed the high incidence of maternal mortality?

<p>Vienna General Hospital (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ignaz Semmelweis propose to drastically reduce the incidence of maternal mortality in obstetrical clinics?

<p>Handwashing standards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact on the incidence of maternal mortality after handwashing standards were introduced?

<p>Declined from up to 30% to 1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did discoveries in sanitation provide indirect evidence for the role of microorganisms in causing human diseases?

<p>By demonstrating the importance of hygiene practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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