History of Confederation in Canada

Original documents or objects from the time period being studied.

Information created later by someone who did not experience the event or time period.

The former lower Canada, which became Quebec after confederation. Predominantly French-speaking.

The former upper Canada, which became Ontario after confederation. Primarily English-speaking.

The concepts used to interpret and analyze past events.

The importance of events or people in shaping our past.

The idea that political representation should reflect the population's size.

The unification of colonies into a single nation.

The goal of Confederation was to unite the British colonies in North America to form the country of Canada.

Confederation occurred on July 1, 1867.

The original provinces that joined Confederation were Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.

Confederation created a federal system of government, where power is shared between the federal and provincial levels.

Confederation aimed to create a national railway network, connecting the colonies and promoting economic growth.

Britain encouraged Confederation to make Canada more self-sufficient while remaining loyal to the British Empire.

Confederation aimed to strengthen Canada's defense against potential US expansionism and avoid conflict.

Confederation divided Canada into separate provinces, allowing for local decision-making and resolving political gridlock between Canada East and West.

A province located on the coast, with access to oceans or seas.

Nova Scotia brought fishing, lumber, shipbuilding, and mining to the Confederation.

A Nova Scotian leader who wanted his province to remain independent.

Newfoundland is located in the far East of Canada, bordering the Atlantic Ocean and Labrador.

Newfoundland's population was primarily English-speaking, including Mi'kmaq First Nations and various European immigrants.

Newfoundland contributed logging, mining, fishing, agriculture, and pulp and paper industries to the Confederation.

Prince Edward Island is located in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, separated from mainland Canada by the Northumberland Strait.

Prince Edward Island brought agriculture, specifically potato farming, to the Confederation.

A meeting held in Prince Edward Island that discussed the idea of Confederation.

European arrival affected Indigenous communities through disease, forced assimilation, and disrupted socio-cultural practices.

Rupert's Land covered a vast area, about a third of Canada's current size.

Rupert's Land was primarily known for its fur trade, particularly beaver pelts.

The North-Western Territory stretched from British Columbia to the Arctic Ocean, including present-day Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Yukon, and Northwest Territories.

The North-Western Territory's land was essential for building the Canadian Pacific Railway, while gold and fur trade also played a role.

British Columbia is located in the southwest corner of Canada, below the North-Western Territory.