Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the status of the CPI in Tamil Nadu as of December 2023?
What is the status of the CPI in Tamil Nadu as of December 2023?
- It is part of the SPA coalition led by DMK. (correct)
- It is a dominant party in the state.
- It has no representation in Tamil Nadu.
- It leads the state government independently.
Which of the following was a reason for the suppression of the CPI by the British colonial administration?
Which of the following was a reason for the suppression of the CPI by the British colonial administration?
- Resistance to British colonisation.
- The CPI's role in land reform.
- CPI's involvement in the trade unions.
- Membership being made a criminal offense. (correct)
As of December 2023, how many MLAs does the CPI have across four states?
As of December 2023, how many MLAs does the CPI have across four states?
- 22 MLAs (correct)
- 20 MLAs
- 25 MLAs
- 15 MLAs
Who was the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of India?
Who was the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of India?
In which year did the CPI experience a significant split leading to the formation of a new party?
In which year did the CPI experience a significant split leading to the formation of a new party?
During which years did the CPI provide outside support to the UPA government?
During which years did the CPI provide outside support to the UPA government?
What was a significant event for the CPI between 1946 and 1951?
What was a significant event for the CPI between 1946 and 1951?
Where was the Communist Party of India founded?
Where was the Communist Party of India founded?
What was significant about the CPI winning the state elections in Kerala in 1957?
What was significant about the CPI winning the state elections in Kerala in 1957?
Who became Chief Minister of Kerala after the CPI won the elections in 1957?
Who became Chief Minister of Kerala after the CPI won the elections in 1957?
What criticism did the Chinese Communist Party direct at the CPI at the 1957 international meeting?
What criticism did the Chinese Communist Party direct at the CPI at the 1957 international meeting?
What event marked the beginning of armed operations in Dadra-Nagar Haveli by the CPI?
What event marked the beginning of armed operations in Dadra-Nagar Haveli by the CPI?
Which movement was associated with many communists getting arrested in Goa due to their participation?
Which movement was associated with many communists getting arrested in Goa due to their participation?
What was the CPI's relationship with the Congress party between 1970 and 1977?
What was the CPI's relationship with the Congress party between 1970 and 1977?
What controversial law was used by the CPI government to suppress opposition during the emergency period?
What controversial law was used by the CPI government to suppress opposition during the emergency period?
What happened to Darshan Singh Canadian in 1986?
What happened to Darshan Singh Canadian in 1986?
What date does the Communist Party of India (Marxist) consider as its founding day?
What date does the Communist Party of India (Marxist) consider as its founding day?
Which trial had a significant political impact on the communist movement in India?
Which trial had a significant political impact on the communist movement in India?
Who was a key figure that organized a conference in Kanpur in 1925?
Who was a key figure that organized a conference in Kanpur in 1925?
What major change occurred in the communist strategies after the 1928 Comintern congress?
What major change occurred in the communist strategies after the 1928 Comintern congress?
What was the primary consequence of the Meerut Conspiracy Case?
What was the primary consequence of the Meerut Conspiracy Case?
Which of the following was a reaction of the CPI to the establishment of the Congress Socialist Party in 1934?
Which of the following was a reaction of the CPI to the establishment of the Congress Socialist Party in 1934?
Who confessed to receiving money from the Russians during the Cawnpore trial?
Who confessed to receiving money from the Russians during the Cawnpore trial?
Which conference adopted the name 'Communist Party of India'?
Which conference adopted the name 'Communist Party of India'?
What was a primary task of the Indian communists in response to the British authorities, particularly after the sixth congress of the Communist International in 1928?
What was a primary task of the Indian communists in response to the British authorities, particularly after the sixth congress of the Communist International in 1928?
During which time period did the Communist Party of India experience a reorganization?
During which time period did the Communist Party of India experience a reorganization?
Which party was dissolved into the Communist Party of India?
Which party was dissolved into the Communist Party of India?
What action was taken against the Workers and Peasants Party (WPP) by Indian communists in 1929?
What action was taken against the Workers and Peasants Party (WPP) by Indian communists in 1929?
What was initiated by the underground Communist Party of India in 1934?
What was initiated by the underground Communist Party of India in 1934?
Which of the following strikes were ongoing during the creation of the Indian communist movement?
Which of the following strikes were ongoing during the creation of the Indian communist movement?
What was a primary reason for the poor organization of the communist movement during the 1920s?
What was a primary reason for the poor organization of the communist movement during the 1920s?
What significant event took place in July 1937 involving members of the CSP and CPI?
What significant event took place in July 1937 involving members of the CSP and CPI?
Which thesis was adopted at the 2nd CSP congress in January 1936?
Which thesis was adopted at the 2nd CSP congress in January 1936?
What was the name of the declaration released by the CPI during the 1940 Ramgarh Congress Conference?
What was the name of the declaration released by the CPI during the 1940 Ramgarh Congress Conference?
What was the result of the 1946 Provincial Legislative Assembly elections for the CPI?
What was the result of the 1946 Provincial Legislative Assembly elections for the CPI?
Which strategy did the CPI adopt in its 'Programme of Democratic Revolution' in February 1948?
Which strategy did the CPI adopt in its 'Programme of Democratic Revolution' in February 1948?
What significant rebellion did the CPI lead against the Nizam of Hyderabad?
What significant rebellion did the CPI lead against the Nizam of Hyderabad?
Who was elected as the General Secretary of CPI at the 2nd Party Congress in February 1948?
Who was elected as the General Secretary of CPI at the 2nd Party Congress in February 1948?
In what year did the CPI achieve legal status as a party?
In what year did the CPI achieve legal status as a party?
What was the impact of the communist movements in Bihar post-independence?
What was the impact of the communist movements in Bihar post-independence?
What happened to the CPI in the 1952 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election?
What happened to the CPI in the 1952 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election?
What was the first slogan of the CPI mentioned in the 1951 congress?
What was the first slogan of the CPI mentioned in the 1951 congress?
Which population did the CPI's rebellion in Telangana primarily control?
Which population did the CPI's rebellion in Telangana primarily control?
What role did agrarian struggles play in the CPI's influence in Manipur?
What role did agrarian struggles play in the CPI's influence in Manipur?
What was a primary focus of young communist leadership in the early 1950s of North India?
What was a primary focus of young communist leadership in the early 1950s of North India?
Flashcards
CPI's Founding Date
CPI's Founding Date
The Communist Party of India (CPI) was formed on December 26, 1925, in Kanpur.
CPI's Initial Role
CPI's Initial Role
The CPI initially fought against British colonialism and the caste system.
CPI involvement in Telangana
CPI involvement in Telangana
CPI organised peasant revolts and guerrilla warfare against feudal lords in Telangana (1946-1951).
CPI's Opposition Role
CPI's Opposition Role
The CPI was a significant opposition party in India during 1950s-60s.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Current Status in Kerala
CPI's Current Status in Kerala
CPI holds 4 cabinet positions and a deputy speaker's role in the Kerala Government.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Current Parliamentary Presence
CPI's Current Parliamentary Presence
CPI currently has 2 members in Lok Sabha and 2 members in Rajya Sabha.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's State Representation
CPI's State Representation
CPI has representation in four states(Kerala, Tamil Nadu,etc.) and one state council, currently.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Early Challenges
CPI's Early Challenges
The British administration banned the CPI and related organizations in 1934, making membership illegal.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CSP and CPI Merger
CSP and CPI Merger
The Communist Party of India (CPI) joined the Congress Socialist Party (CSP) and accepted their demand for a Constituent Assembly, despite previously opposing it.
Signup and view all the flashcards
First CPI Branch in Kerala
First CPI Branch in Kerala
The CPI established its first branch in Kerala on December 31, 1939, after a meeting held in Pinarayi.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Early CPI-CSP Cooperation
Early CPI-CSP Cooperation
The CPI and CSP collaborated in the 1930s, with CPI members joining the CSP's National Executive Committee and leadership roles.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Proletarian Path
Proletarian Path
A 1940 declaration by the CPI calling for a general strike, no-tax and no-rent policies, and an armed revolutionary uprising.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CSP Expels Communists
CSP Expels Communists
The Congress Socialist Party expelled all communists from their organization in 1940.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Legalization
CPI's Legalization
The CPI was legalized in July 1942 due to Britain and the Soviet Union becoming allies against Nazi Germany.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI Founding Date (CPI)
CPI Founding Date (CPI)
The Communist Party of India (CPI) considers 1925 as their founding year.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI in the 1946 Provincial Elections
CPI in the 1946 Provincial Elections
The CPI contested 108 out of 1585 seats in the 1946 Provincial Assembly elections, securing eight victories.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Position on India's Partition
CPI's Position on India's Partition
The CPI opposed the partition of India and boycotted the Independence Day celebrations in 1947.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tashkent Meeting (1920)
Tashkent Meeting (1920)
A meeting in Tashkent, in 1920, where key figures like M.N. Roy gathered to form the communist movement in India.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ranadive's 'Programme of Democratic Revolution'
Ranadive's 'Programme of Democratic Revolution'
In 1948, the CPI adopted a program advocating for a 'Democratic Revolution', which included a focus on fighting caste injustice.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Meerut Conspiracy Case
Meerut Conspiracy Case
A significant conspiracy trial targeting the communist movement in India in the 1920s-30s.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI-led Armed Insurgencies
CPI-led Armed Insurgencies
The CPI organized armed struggles against local rulers in Tripura, Telangana, and Kerala, most notably the Telangana Rebellion.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cawnpore Bolshevik Conspiracy Case (1924)
Cawnpore Bolshevik Conspiracy Case (1924)
A key trial in India that implicated prominent communists in alleged plans to overthrow the British government.
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Telangana Rebellion
The Telangana Rebellion
The CPI led an armed uprising against the Nizam of Hyderabad in Telangana, creating a people's army and controlling a large area.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Communist Party of India (CPI) Formation (1925)
Communist Party of India (CPI) Formation (1925)
The Communist Party of India was formally formed in 1925 at a conference.
Signup and view all the flashcards
National Communism
National Communism
A communist philosophy advocating for an independent communist movement in India, avoiding subordination to foreign organizations.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Success in Bihar
CPI's Success in Bihar
Post-independence, the CPI achieved success in Bihar, leading land reform movements and trade union activities.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Emerging Communist Leaders in the 1950s
Emerging Communist Leaders in the 1950s
In the early 1950s, new communist leaders like Homi F.Daji, Guru Radha Kishan, and H.L.Parwana emerged, connecting with the masses and working class.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Comintern
Comintern
The Communist International, a global communist organization.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Role in the 1st Lok Sabha
CPI's Role in the 1st Lok Sabha
In 1952, the CPI became the first leading opposition party in the 1st Lok Sabha, while the Indian National Congress held power.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Colonial Theses (1928)
Colonial Theses (1928)
The Comintern's policy for communist movements in colonial countries to oppose nationalist leaders and use economic conflicts.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI's Ban in the 1952 Travancore-Cochin Election
CPI's Ban in the 1952 Travancore-Cochin Election
The Communist Party was banned from participating in the 1952 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Workers and Peasants Parties (WPP)
Workers and Peasants Parties (WPP)
Organizations used by communists to gain support from workers and peasants, but the organization was denounced later.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Congress Socialist Party (1934)
Congress Socialist Party (1934)
A group of left-wing Indian elements formed this socialist party in India.
Signup and view all the flashcards
League Against Gandhism
League Against Gandhism
CPI-led organization in Calcutta, promoting anti imperialism through militant activities.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI Central Committee (1933)
CPI Central Committee (1933)
Reorganized CPI in 1933, setting up a central committee within the party.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Popular Front Politics
Popular Front Politics
A shift in Comintern policy, encouraging common action between communists and other political groups.
Signup and view all the flashcards
1934 Acceptance by Comintern
1934 Acceptance by Comintern
CPI officially recognised as part of the Comintern.
Signup and view all the flashcards
First State Win
First State Win
The Communist Party of India (CPI) won the 1957 state elections in Kerala, becoming the first opposition party to control an Indian state.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Moscow Criticism
Moscow Criticism
At a 1957 international meeting of Communist parties in Moscow, the Chinese Communist Party criticized the CPI for forming a government in Kerala.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Liberation of Dadra & Nagar Haveli
Liberation of Dadra & Nagar Haveli
The CPI led a movement in the 1950s to liberate Dadra & Nagar Haveli from Portuguese rule using armed operations.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Goa Satyagraha
Goa Satyagraha
The CPI played a key role in the Goa Satyagraha of 1955-1956, organizing mass protests against Portuguese rule and sending activists to Goa.
Signup and view all the flashcards
CPI Split
CPI Split
Ideological differences within the CPI led to a split in 1964, resulting in the formation of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
Signup and view all the flashcards
United Front Government
United Front Government
The CPI formed a coalition government in Kerala with the Congress party between 1970-1977, known as the United Front.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Emergency Period
Emergency Period
The CPI-led United Front government in Kerala continued during the Emergency period (1975-1977), which was marked by severe repression of political opponents.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Opposition to Khalistan
Opposition to Khalistan
The CPI strongly opposed the Khalistan movement in Punjab during the 1980s, and many of their leaders were victims of violence by Sikh extremists.
Signup and view all the flashcardsStudy Notes
Communist Party of India (CPI) History
- Founded on December 26, 1925, in Kanpur (Cawnpore), making it India's oldest communist party.
- Initially faced internal fragmentation and poor organization during the 1920s and early 1930s, with multiple communist groups operating.
- Various conspiracy cases, notably the Meerut and Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy trials, aimed to curb communist activity.
- The party's initial leaders, including S. A. Dange, M. N. Roy, Muzaffar Ahmed, and others, faced arrests and imprisonment, though some were eventually released.
- Key figures involved with the founding include S. V. Ghate as the first General Secretary.
- Key figures emerged from diverse origins, such as, Tashkent group, groups in Bengal (Anushilan and Jugantar), Bombay, Madras, United Provinces, Punjab, Sindh, and Bengal.
- The British colonial administration banned the party and its affiliated organizations in 1934.
- Led resistance to British colonization, caste system, and advocated for land reform.
- Led struggles against feudal lords in Telangana during 1946-1951.
- In 1934, the party was recognized as the Indian section of the Communist International.
- Initially opposed the Congress Socialist Party (CSP), calling it "Social Fascist".
CPI's Role in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana
- Currently, the CPI is a state party in Kerala with four cabinet ministers and a deputy speaker.
- In Tamil Nadu, part of the ruling SPA coalition.
- In Telangana, the party is allied with the INC (Indian National Congress).
CPI's National Political History
- Part of the United Front government from 1996 to 1998.
- Provided outside support to the V. P. Singh government (1989–90) and UPA (2004–2009).
- Held significant power in West Bengal (1977–2011) and Tripura (1993–2018).
- During 1950s-1960s acted as the main opposition party.
CPI's National Presence
- Currently holds two members in Lok Sabha and two in Rajya Sabha.
- Has 22 MLAs across four states and one MLC in Bihar.
Conflict and Controversies
- A 1964 split led to the formation of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
- A dispute exists over the party's founding date.
CPI and Other Parties
- The party allied with the Congress Party between 1970 and 1977.
- Contested Provincial Legislative Assembly election in 1946 with candidates in 108 seats.
- Opposed partition of India in 1947.
- Led armed struggles in several regions, including the crucial Telangana rebellion.
- Opposed the Khalistan movement in Punjab in the 1980s.
- Played a role in Goa Satyagraha (1955-1956) and the liberation movements in liberated Dadra-Nagar Haveli (1954).
CPI and Key Events
- The 1928 Comintern congress directed Indian communists to combat nationalist leaders and use contradictions.
- The Party's internal conflicts during the period of independence, including shifts between left and right wings, and different policies.
- The 1957 Kerala state election victory, forming the first opposition-led state government.
- Faced criticism from the Chinese Communist Party in 1957 for forming a ministry in Kerala.
- Key figures including P. Sundarayya, E. M. S. Namboodiripad, and B. T. Ranadive.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
