History of Clinical Pathology
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History of Clinical Pathology

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Questions and Answers

What year was the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) founded?

  • 1922 (correct)
  • 1920
  • 1950
  • 1930

    • Which hospital was founded by the Franciscans in 1578?

  • Hospital de San Jose
  • Hospital Real
  • Hospital de San Juan de Dios
  • San Lazaro Hospital (correct)

    • In which century did the Spanish Empire establish Manila as their capital?

  • 16th Century (correct)
  • 17th Century
  • 15th Century
  • 14th Century

    • What significant action did medical technologists in the US pursue during the 1950s?

    <p>Sought professional recognition through licensure exams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hospital was the first established for poor Spaniards in 1596?

    <p>Hospital de San Juan de Dios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the first clinical laboratory in the Philippines established?

    <p>At Quiracada St. Sta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization established the first faculties of pharmacy and medicine in 1871?

    <p>UST</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable military group established the first clinical laboratory in the Philippines during World War II?

    <p>6th Infantry Division of the US Army</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who helped Dr. Pio de Roda reopen the Manila Public Health Laboratory in October 1945?

    <p>Dr. Mariano Icasiano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change occurred in Medical Technology education in 1954?

    <p>A 4-year Medical Technology course was approved by the Bureau of Private Education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution first opened a School of Medical Technology in the Philippines?

    <p>Manila Sanitarium Hospital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the first description of hematuria linked to kidney dysfunction?

    <p>Rufus of Ephesus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was Medical Technology recognized as an official program in UST?

    <p>1961</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first graduate of the Medical Technology program?

    <p>Dr. Jesse Umali</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physician is known for creating a system of pathology incorporating Hippocratic and Pythagorean theories?

    <p>Galen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant discovery did William Harvey make?

    <p>The circulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Ms. Purification Suaco play in the development of the Medical Technology curriculum from 1960 to 1963?

    <p>She organized and monitored proper implementation of the curriculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Centro Escolar University start offering BS Medical Technology?

    <p>1960</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is recognized as the founder of histology?

    <p>Marcello Malpighi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following leaders was associated with the Manila Sanitarium Hospital's first School of Medical Technology?

    <p>Mrs. Villa Hedrick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who first documented the sweet taste of diabetic urine, aiding in the diagnosis of diabetes?

    <p>Thomas Willis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which early scientist utilized the microscope to investigate disease causes?

    <p>Athanasius Kircher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first to perform a direct blood transfusion between animals?

    <p>Richard Lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant observation did Frederik Dekkers make regarding urine?

    <p>Proteins in urine form a precipitate with acetic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist discovered fibrinogen, a key component in blood coagulation?

    <p>William Hewson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the concept of pasteurization?

    <p>Louis Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is known for establishing ward laboratories for routine tests at Johns Hopkins Hospital?

    <p>Sir William Osler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant discovery is Robert Koch known for?

    <p>Life history and sporulation of anthrax bacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who first observed the role of calcium salts in blood coagulation?

    <p>Sir Almroth Edward Wright</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist's work included the description of protoplasm and discoveries related to embryonic cells?

    <p>Johannes Evangelista Purkinje</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist improved the methods of steam sterilization and worked on cholera transmission?

    <p>Robert Koch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which figure is primarily associated with antiseptic methods using carbolic acid?

    <p>Joseph Lister</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered the antibacterial action of prontosil?

    <p>Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant contribution did Karl Landsteiner make to medical science?

    <p>Identified the ABO blood group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining method is widely used today and was developed by Christian Gram?

    <p>Gram staining method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did R.J. Petri develop that is commonly used in laboratories today?

    <p>Petri dishes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of John Kolmer's publication in 1918?

    <p>Training of laboratory technicians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medical technique did G.N. Papanicolaou help to establish?

    <p>Clinical cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reagent did Otto Folin discover that is used for assessing renal function?

    <p>Jaffe’s alkaline picrate method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Paul Ehrlich classify regarding blood cells?

    <p>Morphological types of white blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Development of Clinical Pathology

    • American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) founded in 1922 for advancing clinical pathology practices.
    • The William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine played a significant role in the development of clinical standards.

    Historical Context in the Philippines

    • 16th Century: The Spanish Empire established Manila as its capital.
    • 1565: Hospital Real in Cebu relocated to Manila to serve military patients.
    • 1578: San Lazaro Hospital built by Franciscans for leprosy care.
    • 1596: Hospital de San Juan de Dios founded to aid poor Spaniards.
    • 1641: Hospital de San Jose established in Cavite.
    • 1611: University of Santo Tomas (UST) founded by Dominicans.
    • 1871: UST launched the first faculties of pharmacy and medicine.

    Clinical Laboratory Milestones

    • First clinical laboratory in the Philippines established during WWII by the US Army at Quiracada St., Manila.
    • June 1945: US Army transitioned laboratory operations to the National Department of Health, rendering it non-operational.
    • October 1945: Dr. Pio de Roda and Dr. Mariano Icasiano reopened the laboratory and initiated training programs for laboratory workers.
    • 1954: Bureau of Private Education approved a 4-year Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology (BSMT) course.
    • Manila Sanitarium Hospital introduced the first School of Medical Technology under Mrs. Villa Hedrick’s leadership.

    Academic Progression in Medical Technology

    • 1954: Philippine Union College absorbed the School of Medical Technology from Manila Sanitarium Hospital.
    • Dr. Jesse Umali became the first graduate of the Medical Technology program.
    • 1957: UST began offering Medical Technology as an elective for pharmacy students.
    • 1961: Medical Technology officially recognized as a program at UST.
    • 1960: Centro Escolar University (CEU) introduced a BS in Medical Technology.

    Key Medical Figures and Innovations

    • Rufus of Ephesus: First description of hematuria, identifying renal filtration issues (50 AD).
    • Galen: Developed a pathology system integrating humoral theories and experimental physiology (180 AD).
    • William Harvey: Discovered blood circulation, emphasizing mechanical explanations in physiology (1578-1657).
    • Louis Pasteur: Introduced concepts of bacteria, pasteurization, and vaccines (1822–1895).
    • Robert Koch: Formulated methods for culture isolation and identified diseases like tuberculosis (1843–1910).
    • Christian Gram: Created the widely used bacteriological staining method (1884).
    • Sir Alexander Fleming: Discovered penicillin, revolutionizing antibacterial treatments (1881–1955).

    Innovations in Laboratory Medicine

    • Gerhard Domagk: Discovered antibacterial effects of prontosil, a derivative of sulfonamide (1895–1964).
    • Karl Landsteiner: Identified human blood types and the ABO blood group (1868–1943).
    • G.N. Papanicolaou: Developed early cancer detection methods through cervical smears (1928).

    Educational Contributions

    • James C. Todd published the first textbook on laboratory medicine, "A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis" (1908).
    • John Kolmer outlined the training needs for laboratory technicians and the importance of formal education in the field (1918).

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    Description

    This quiz explores the origins and evolution of the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), founded in 1922. It also covers the developments in medical technology throughout the 1950s and the significance of clinical medicine in that era.

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