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Questions and Answers
Who developed the C programming language?
Who developed the C programming language?
What type of programming language is C?
What type of programming language is C?
What is a key feature of C's memory management?
What is a key feature of C's memory management?
How are data types checked in C?
How are data types checked in C?
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How is C code executed?
How is C code executed?
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What is the data type of the variable that can hold a collection of values of the same type?
What is the data type of the variable that can hold a collection of values of the same type?
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What is the purpose of the '&' operator in pointers?
What is the purpose of the '&' operator in pointers?
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What type of error occurs when a pointer points to a memory location that has already been freed?
What type of error occurs when a pointer points to a memory location that has already been freed?
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What is the purpose of the 'free' function in dynamic memory allocation?
What is the purpose of the 'free' function in dynamic memory allocation?
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What is the use of 'switch' statement in control structures?
What is the use of 'switch' statement in control structures?
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Study Notes
History of C
- Developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at Bell Labs
- Initially designed for developing the Unix operating system
- First published in 1972 in the book "The C Programming Language" by Ritchie and Brian Kernighan
Features of C
- General-purpose programming language: can be used for a wide range of applications
- Procedural programming language: focuses on procedures and functions
- Statically typed language: data types are checked at compile time
- Low-level memory management: allows direct manipulation of memory
- Compiled language: code is translated into machine code before execution
Basic Syntax
-
Variables: declared with a data type and name, e.g.
int x; -
Data types: e.g.
int,char,float,double,void - Operators: e.g. arithmetic, comparison, logical, assignment
-
Control structures: e.g.
if,while,for,switch -
Functions: reusable blocks of code, e.g.
int add(int x, int y) { return x + y; }
Data Types
-
Integers:
int,short,long,unsigned -
Characters:
char,wchar_t -
Floating-point numbers:
float,double,long double - Arrays: collections of values of the same type
- Structures: collections of values of different types
Control Structures
-
Conditional statements:
if,if-else,switch -
Loops:
while,for,do-while -
Jump statements:
break,continue,return,goto
Functions
- Function declaration: specifies the function's name, return type, and parameters
- Function definition: provides the implementation of the function
- Function call: invokes the function with arguments
- Function arguments: passed by value or by reference
Pointers
- Pointer variables: hold memory addresses as values
-
Pointer operators:
&(address-of),*(dereference) - Pointer arithmetic: allows manipulation of memory addresses
Memory Management
-
Dynamic memory allocation:
malloc,calloc,realloc,free - Memory allocation errors: e.g. null pointer, dangling pointer, memory leak
History of C
- Developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at Bell Labs
- Initially designed for developing the Unix operating system
- First published in 1972 in the book "The C Programming Language" by Ritchie and Brian Kernighan
Features of C
- A general-purpose programming language for a wide range of applications
- Procedural programming language that focuses on procedures and functions
- Statically typed language that checks data types at compile time
- Allows low-level memory management with direct manipulation of memory
- Compiled language that translates code into machine code before execution
Basic Syntax
- Variables are declared with a data type and name, e.g.
int x; - Data types include
int,char,float,double,void - Operators include arithmetic, comparison, logical, assignment
- Control structures include
if,while,for,switch - Functions are reusable blocks of code, e.g.
int add(int x, int y) { return x + y; }
Data Types
- Integers include
int,short,long,unsigned - Characters include
char,wchar_t - Floating-point numbers include
float,double,long double - Arrays are collections of values of the same type
- Structures are collections of values of different types
Control Structures
- Conditional statements include
if,if-else,switch - Loops include
while,for,do-while - Jump statements include
break,continue,return,goto
Functions
- Function declaration specifies the function's name, return type, and parameters
- Function definition provides the implementation of the function
- Function call invokes the function with arguments
- Function arguments can be passed by value or by reference
Pointers
- Pointer variables hold memory addresses as values
- Pointer operators include
&(address-of) and*(dereference) - Pointer arithmetic allows manipulation of memory addresses
Memory Management
- Dynamic memory allocation includes
malloc,calloc,realloc,free - Memory allocation errors include null pointer, dangling pointer, memory leak
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Description
Learn about the origins and features of the C programming language, including its development by Dennis Ritchie and its applications.
