History of Britain: George I and II

George I

• George I, an elector of Hanover, became King of England in 1714.
• He spoke little English and governed through a cabinet of ministers.
• Robert Walpole, a powerful Whig, became the first Prime Minister of England.
• Walpole's government, which lasted until 1742, promoted peace, trade, and reduced land taxes.

Social & Cultural Developments

• The rise of the middle class was reflected in the works of Daniel Defoe, like Robinson Crusoe, who represented the self-made man seeking profit.
• Methodism, a religious movement focused on respectability, morality, and temperance, was founded by John and Charles Wesley in 1729.
• Methodism promoted initiatives to improve the lives of the poor.

George II & Colonial Expansion

• George II, who reigned from 1727 to 1760, faced the Jacobite rebellion led by Charles Edward Stuart.
• The rebellion was defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746.
• The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) marked a turning point in British colonial expansion.
• Under Prime Minister William Pitt, Britain conquered Canada and consolidated its presence in India.
• These victories laid the foundations for the British Empire.

Important Writers & Artists

• Samuel Johnson became one of the most influential literary figures of the period with his "Dictionary of the English Language.”
• His biographer, James Boswell, became famous for his "Life of Samuel Johnson.”
• William Hogarth, through his prints, satirized the corruption and vices of English society.

Explore the reigns of George I and II, highlighting their impact on British governance and society. This quiz covers the rise of the middle class, Methodism, and colonial expansion during the early 18th century. Test your knowledge on key events and figures from this transformative period in British history.