History of Biochemistry and Genetics
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History of Biochemistry and Genetics

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What did Eduard Buchner demonstrate in 1896 using yeast extracts?

  • That biochemical transformations can occur without the use of cells (correct)
  • The presence of chromosomes in cell division
  • The discovery of nucleic acids
  • The ability of cells to divide

    • What did Gregor Mendel study in pea plants?

  • The properties of nucleic acids
  • The process of mitosis
  • Traits such as petal color, seed color, and seed texture (correct)
  • The structure of chromosomes

    • What did Johann Friedrich Miescher isolate from the nuclei of white blood cells?

  • A type of chromosome
  • A substance containing nucleic acids (correct)
  • A protein involved in cell division
  • A type of enzyme

    • What did Walter Flemming describe in 1882 during cell division?

    <p>Thread-like bodies that were visible during cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle that states 'all cells arise from pre-existing cells'?

    <p>The principle of biogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Gregor Mendel begin his work on pea plants?

    <p>1857</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of stably incorporating useful genes into the plant genome?

    <p>Stable expression of targeted gene product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of overproducing viral coat protein genes in transgenic plants?

    <p>To prevent the virus from reproducing in the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the disadvantage of spraying chemical pesticides?

    <p>It leads to potential health hazards and environmental pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of genetically modified plants offering resistance to insect pathogens?

    <p>They help in bringing down or eliminating the application of chemical pesticides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of eco-toxicological biomarkers?

    <p>To detect subtle changes in the immediate environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of converting hazardous substances into nontoxic or less toxic compounds?

    <p>Bioremediation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the toxic protein Cry 1A(b) used in Bt cotton?

    <p>A soil bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inserting genes into organisms for bioremediation?

    <p>To degrade pollutants or monitor their levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Bt cotton on larvae of moths and butterflies, beetles, cotton bollworms, and caterpillars?

    <p>It demonstrates insecticidal activity against them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the gene that is responsible for the emission of light in E. coli?

    <p>Lux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound that is degraded by the biphenyl dioxygenase gene?

    <p>PCB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of revenue was contributed by Bio-services in 2022-23?

    <p>18 per cent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe any naturally occurring molecule that indicates specific biological processes?

    <p>Biomarker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest area covered by genetically modified crops in India?

    <p>Bt cotton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Bio-pharma industry in India?

    <p>Vaccines manufacturing and export</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company commercially launched the first ROTAVAC vaccine in India?

    <p>Bharat Biotech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ranking of India in terms of area covered by genetically modified crops?

    <p>Fourth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Indian government's collaborations with private pharmaceutical companies?

    <p>Research and Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the Indian hybrid seed industry does Bt cotton account for?

    <p>45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the flood, drought, and salt-tolerant rice developed through genetic modification?

    <p>No specific name is mentioned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of India's bio-services sector?

    <p>Huge skilled labour force, attractive cost, and access to major markets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of biotechnology?

    <p>To generate useful products for the benefit of mankind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the company that approved Monsanto to grow Bt cotton in India?

    <p>DBT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the GM maize hybrid developed in India?

    <p>High quantity of protein and increased provitamin A</p> Signup and view all the answers

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