History of Art Overview
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Questions and Answers

Who is considered the honorary leader of the Katipunan?

  • Jose Rizal (correct)
  • Emilio Aguinaldo
  • Andres Bonifacio
  • Dr. Pio Valenzuela

    • Rizal was opposed to the revolution because he believed it was well organized.

    False

    What significant proclamation did General Emilio Aguinaldo issue regarding Rizal on December 20, 1898?

    A decree to commemorate December 30 as a day of mourning for Rizal and other victims of the Philippine Revolution.

    Rizal was born in the decade when other nationalist leaders of Asia, such as ____ and ____ were also born.

    <p>Mohandas Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following figures with their contributions:

    <p>Jose Rizal = First Filipino to call the Philippines his fatherland Emilio Aguinaldo = Issued a decree for Rizal Day Dr. Pio Valenzuela = Visited Rizal in Dapitan Philippine Commission = Established the observance of Rizal Day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the passwords of the Katipunan?

    <p>Rizal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The initial monument for Rizal was erected on December 30, 1898.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Guerrero, why is Rizal considered the first exponent of Asian nationalism?

    <p>Because he was the source of inspiration for the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution of 1896.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one positive outcome of the tobacco monopoly in the Philippines?

    <p>Political and social awareness was raised among the natives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The tobacco monopoly in the Philippines was abolished in 1880.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main method taught to students in schools established by friars?

    <p>Fear of God and obedience to the friars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Leyes de Indias mandated that Spanish authorities __________ locals.

    <p>educate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following schools with their characteristics:

    <p>Ateneo = Used Spanish as medium of instruction UST = Established by Catholic missionaries Letran = Administered by friars Parochial schools = Goal of converting natives to Catholicism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a negative impact of the tobacco monopoly?

    <p>Abandonment of basic crop planting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Corporal punishment was a common method in the Spanish way of teaching.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of the parochial schools established by missionaries?

    <p>To convert natives to the Catholic faith.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Confucius, what is essential for achieving happiness?

    <p>Rituals as religious sacrifice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lao Tzu emphasizes the importance of complexity and busy schedules for a happy life.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What overarching goal does Confucius suggest for human existence?

    <p>To live a virtuous life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Lao Tzu, the pathway to a good life is __________ and being still.

    <p>emptiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following thinkers with their philosophies:

    <p>Confucius = Virtuous life as the ultimate goal Lao Tzu = Emptiness and stillness Ethics = Professional codes of conduct Morality = Rights and wrongs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following resources are mentioned as important for national development?

    <p>Human and physical resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ethics and morality have the same root meaning.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Golden Mean State refer to?

    <p>Choosing what is good and firmly holding it fast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which period is characterized by the use of light and shadow to create dramatic effects in art?

    <p>Baroque Period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Renaissance was a time when humanists believed individuals had dignity and worth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Renaissance' translate to?

    <p>rebirth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ era is known for its prehistoric cave paintings and stone tools.

    <p>Paleolithic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following art periods with their descriptions:

    <p>Renaissance = Paintings emphasizing man and nature Baroque = Characterized by dramatic effects and elaborate decorations Post-Modern Art = Simplicity and balance in color and form Paleolithic = Related to early human cave art and tool-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main concepts introduced during the Middle Ages regarding art?

    <p>Art can represent both traditional and new subjects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ancient Art refers to the time period from 3000 BC to 300 AD.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ Period is noted for its emphasis on emotion and ornate details in artistic expression.

    <p>Baroque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event in the 19th century helped bring liberal ideas to the Philippines?

    <p>The opening of the Suez Canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The constitution exempted the natives of the Philippines from paying tribute and performing public services.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was considered the 'first liberal governor-general' of the Philippines?

    <p>Carlos Maria De la Torre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Cadiz Constitution was promulgated during Napoleon's occupation of ______.

    <p>Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document recognized men's equality and individual liberty in the Philippines?

    <p>The Cadiz Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Ilustrados = Educated Filipinos advocating reform Suez Canal = Shortened trade routes to the West Cadiz Constitution = Liberal governance document from Spain Jose Rizal = Philippine reformist and author</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The liberal ideas that influenced the Philippines were solely derived from European sources.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one consequence of the Suez Canal's opening for the Philippines.

    <p>Increased importation of liberal books and ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Purpose of Art

    • Art serves to cleanse the soul from the mundane aspects of daily life, reflecting deeper human experiences.
    • It acts as a cultural signature, representing the values and identities of civilizations.

    Historical Development of Art

    • Middle Ages: Art focused on traditional themes, including religious subjects and classical mythology, characterized by three main periods: Romanesque, Gothic, and Byzantine.
    • Ancient Art (3000 BC - 300 BC): Marked the Paleolithic era, associated with human survival and early artistic expression.

    Renaissance

    • The term translates to "rebirth," embodying a resurgence of interest in humanistic values.
    • Emphasized individual dignity, a broad engagement in various activities, and a significant focus on man and nature in visual art.
    • Humanism encouraged the study of philosophy, history, and classical languages.

    Baroque Period

    • Characterized by elaborate decorative styles designed to evoke emotional responses.
    • Employed techniques of light and shadow to create dramatic visual effects.
    • Architectural forms featured intricate sculptural elements and dynamic lines.

    Post-Modern Art (1950 - Mid-1980)

    • Aimed for public engagement through simplicity, vibrant colors, and balanced compositions.
    • Focused on technological, financial, and human resources to enhance artistic expression.

    Philosophical Perspectives on Happiness

    • Confucius emphasized virtue through rituals, linking happiness to fulfilling spiritual duties.
    • These rituals represent essential virtues, guiding ethical behavior and reinforcing the Golden Mean, advocating for moderation in choices.

    Comparison: Ethics vs. Morality

    • Both concepts historically intersected, with ethics being applied more in organizational contexts and professional codes.
    • Morality refers to individual discernments of right and wrong.

    Jose Rizal's Legacy

    • National hero, recognized as the first exponent of Asian nationalism.
    • His ideas matured early, influencing the Philippine Revolution against colonialism.
    • Rizal emphasized the importance of education and political awareness among Filipinos, despite opposed revolutionary actions due to their timing and organization.

    Tobacco Monopoly Impact

    • The tobacco monopoly (1781 - 1881) generated revenues but caused food shortages and social injustices in the Philippines.
    • The monopoly's abolition in 1880 marked a significant economic change.

    Education Under Spanish Rule

    • Education was heavily controlled by the friars, instilling lessons of obedience and inferiority in students.
    • Schools focused on rote learning without comprehension, emphasizing manual labor roles.

    World Trade and Liberal Ideas

    • The 19th-century opening of markets introduced liberal political thoughts that influenced Filipino reformists.
    • The Suez Canal's opening facilitated the exchange of ideas and encouraged higher education abroad for Filipino intellectuals.

    Philippine Experience of Liberalism

    • Governor-General Carlos Maria De la Torre was noted for extending liberal reforms from Spain to the Philippines.
    • The Cadiz Constitution of 1812 was pivotal, promoting ideas of individual liberty and political equality, providing a foundation for Philippine national consciousness.

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    Art Appreciation Reviewer for Prelims PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the evolution of art from ancient times through the Middle Ages to the Renaissance and Baroque periods. Learn how art reflects cultural identities and human experiences while examining key themes and movements. Test your knowledge on important artistic developments and their historical significance.

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