History of Accounting Systems

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Questions and Answers

What was the significant contribution of Luca Pacioli in 1494?

  • He published a book on double-entry bookkeeping. (correct)
  • He created the Indonesian financial reporting standards.
  • He introduced the continental system of accounting.
  • He established the International Accounting Standards Board.

Which accounting system emerged in America and England during the 1600s?

  • The Indonesian accounting principles.
  • The continental system.
  • The International Accounting Standards.
  • The Anglo-Saxon system. (correct)

When was the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) established?

  • 1973 (correct)
  • 1974
  • 1960
  • 2001

What significant event regarding Indonesian accounting occurred in 1984?

<p>The implementation of International Accounting Standards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year saw the establishment of the Indonesian accounting principles (PAI)?

<p>1974 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is considered an internal stakeholder in a business?

<p>Employees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of accounting for external stakeholders?

<p>Helping suppliers understand finances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle emphasizes the need to act in the best interest of the public?

<p>Public Interest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an internal benefit of accounting?

<p>Providing information to investors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is NOT a part of accounting?

<p>Guessing financial outcomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Early Accounting

  • 1494: Luca Pacioli, an Italian mathematician, published a book on various mathematical topics, including a section on double-entry bookkeeping. This book significantly contributed to the development of accounting practices.

Regional Accounting Systems

  • 1500s (Netherlands): The Netherlands adopted a continental system of accounting.
  • 1600s (America and England): America and England developed a different system known as the Anglo-Saxon system of accounting.

International Accounting

  • 1973: The International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) was established.
  • 2001: The IASC was renamed the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

Accounting in Indonesia

  • 1642: During the Dutch colonial period, a continental system of accounting was introduced in Indonesia.
  • 1957: (No information provided)
  • 1960: The Indonesian Institute of Accountants (Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia) emerged.
  • 1974: Indonesian accounting principles (PAI) were established.
  • 1984: Indonesian accounting practices continued to evolve alongside international standards by implementing IAS (International Accounting Standards).
  • 1994: (No information provided)
  • 2008: Indonesian financial reporting standards (SAK) were established, adopting IASB standards.

Basic Accounting Equation

  • Accounting: Processes used to identify, measure, and report economic information to inform decisions.

Benefits of Accounting

Internal Benefits

  • Internal stakeholders: Managers and employees use accounting information for:
    • Determining tax amounts
    • Evaluating business operations
    • Formulating policy
  • Relates to daily business operations.

External Benefits

  • Stakeholders: Investors, creditors, government, and customers use accounting information for various purposes, including:
    • Making informed decisions
    • Determining profitability
    • Understanding a company's finances

Ethical Principles in Accounting

  • Integrity
  • Responsibility
  • Public Interest
  • Objectivity
  • Competence
  • Confidentiality

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