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What should be the order of information in a bibliography?
What should be the order of information in a bibliography?
- Title, author, publisher, place of publication, date
- Author, title, place of publication, publisher, date
- Author, date, title, place of publication, publisher
- Title, publisher, date, author, place of publication (correct)
Which of the following elements is NOT typically included in a bibliography entry?
Which of the following elements is NOT typically included in a bibliography entry?
- Author's name
- Publishing date
- Page numbers (correct)
- Title of the work
In a bibliography, how should the information be separated?
In a bibliography, how should the information be separated?
- By commas
- By dashes
- By semicolons
- By periods (correct)
Where should the bibliography be located in a research paper?
Where should the bibliography be located in a research paper?
How should the authors in a bibliography be arranged?
How should the authors in a bibliography be arranged?
What information is essential when citing a website?
What information is essential when citing a website?
What does the term 'Ibid.' signify in footnotes?
What does the term 'Ibid.' signify in footnotes?
How should titles of articles or chapters be formatted in footnotes?
How should titles of articles or chapters be formatted in footnotes?
What must be included the first time a book or article is cited in a footnote?
What must be included the first time a book or article is cited in a footnote?
What does the abbreviation 'Ibid.' require if referring to a different page?
What does the abbreviation 'Ibid.' require if referring to a different page?
When citing a source that has already been cited but not in the previous footnote, which information is used?
When citing a source that has already been cited but not in the previous footnote, which information is used?
Which of the following is the correct way to cite an author for a source referred to previously?
Which of the following is the correct way to cite an author for a source referred to previously?
How should the titles of books, journals, or magazines be formatted in footnotes?
How should the titles of books, journals, or magazines be formatted in footnotes?
What is the primary purpose of footnotes in an essay?
What is the primary purpose of footnotes in an essay?
Which of the following types of material should be footnoted?
Which of the following types of material should be footnoted?
What marks the footnoted material in the text?
What marks the footnoted material in the text?
How may footnotes be numbered in an essay?
How may footnotes be numbered in an essay?
Which of the following is NOT included in the information given in a footnote from a book?
Which of the following is NOT included in the information given in a footnote from a book?
What is the correct format for citing an article in a journal in a footnote?
What is the correct format for citing an article in a journal in a footnote?
When citing a book containing quotations from other sources, which format is used?
When citing a book containing quotations from other sources, which format is used?
Which of the following is an example of a standard reference work citation in a footnote?
Which of the following is an example of a standard reference work citation in a footnote?
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Study Notes
Guidelines for Footnotes and Bibliography
- Footnotes acknowledge non-original material used in essays.
- Three main types of footnoted material:
- Direct quotations from authors, which must be enclosed in quotation marks.
- Citing authorities for statements not quoted directly.
- Explanatory material that doesn’t fit the main text.
Formatting Footnotes
- Mark footnoted material with a raised number immediately after cited words or ideas.
- Can number footnotes sequentially per page or throughout the essay.
Footnote Content Requirements
- From a Book: Author, title, place of publication, publisher, date, and page.
- From a Journal Article: Include author, article title, journal name, volume, issue, date, and page number.
- From a Book with Quotations: Cite the original author's work as well as the book's author.
- From Standard Reference Works: Author, entry title, and source details.
- From the Internet: Author, title, year of publication, and the date the website was consulted.
Rules for Writing Footnotes
- Titles of books, journals, and magazines should be italicized or underlined.
- Articles or chapters should be placed in quotation marks.
Abbreviating Footnotes
- First-time citations need full details; subsequent citations can use:
- Ibid. for repeated citations from the same source.
- Use the author's last name and shortened title for previously cited works not immediately prior.
Bibliography Format
- Includes all sources used in research on a separate page.
- List entries alphabetically by author's surname.
- Entry format: author; title; place of publication; publisher; date, using periods to separate information.
Example Bibliography Entries
- Eccles, W.J. Frontenac The Courtier Governor. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1959.
- Johnson, J.K. and P.B. Waite. "Macdonald, Sir John Alexander." In The Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Vol. 12, 591-612.
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