History Final Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What was the Anaconda Plan?

A cavalry charge against the South

A plan to strike at Confederate cities

A military strategy proposed by Union General Winfield Scott (correct)

A naval blockade of the Confederate littoral (correct)

Who was George McClellan?

A general for northern command of the Army of the Potomac in 1861.

Who was Ulysses S. Grant?

An American general and the eighteenth President of the United States.

Who was David G. Farragut?

Admiral of the Union Navy during the Civil War. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Battle of Shiloh?

A battle fought by Grant to capture the Southern railroad. Signup and view all the answers

What was the USS Monitor?

An ironclad warship built for the Union Navy. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?

The first major battle on Northern soil and the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. Signup and view all the answers

Fort Sumter was a federal fort that marked the start of the Civil War.

True Signup and view all the answers

What did the first Battle of Bull Run demonstrate?

That the war would not be quick and easy for either side. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Stonewall Jackson?

A brave commander of the Confederate Army. Signup and view all the answers

What was Robert E. Lee's position on secession?

He opposed secession but believed the Union should not be held together by force. Signup and view all the answers

What if Virginia had not seceded from the Union in 1861?

Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee may not have decided to secede. Signup and view all the answers

Why was Virginia important during the Civil War?

It was a symbolic battleground with valuable industry and resources. Signup and view all the answers

How did the North's military strategy change?

They began to attack more aggressively. Signup and view all the answers

What were General McClellan's major tactical errors?

He underestimated Confederate numbers and was too cautious. Signup and view all the answers

Was Lincoln's decision to fire McClellan a good one?

Yes, because McClellan's mistakes were significant during the Civil War. Signup and view all the answers

Why did Jefferson Davis choose to go to war?

To avoid damaging the Confederacy's image. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anaconda Plan

Proposed by Union General Winfield Scott during the Civil War.
Focused on a naval blockade of the Confederacy, control of the Mississippi River, and land forces to weaken the South.

George McClellan

General of the Army of the Potomac in 1861, known as "Tardy George."
Notable for his hesitancy to advance toward Richmond; faced defeat against General Lee.
Removed from command by President Lincoln twice.

Ulysses S. Grant

Prominent Union general in the Civil War and later the 18th President of the U.S. (1869-1877).
Gained recognition for his leadership and strategy in crucial battles.

David G. Farragut

Admiral in the Union Navy noted for his pivotal role in the capture of New Orleans.
His actions enabled Union control over the Mississippi River.

Battle of Shiloh

Fought under Grant's leadership to seize vital railroad routes.
Marked significant resistance from Confederates, indicating a prolonged conflict was ahead.

USS Monitor

First ironclad warship commissioned by the Union Navy, completed in early 1862.
Featured innovative design that represented advancements in naval warfare.

USS Merrimack

Originally a steam frigate, became known for its transformation into the ironclad CSS Virginia.
Participated in the Battle of Hampton Roads, marking a historical engagement between ironclad vessels.

Battle of Antietam

The first major battle fought on Northern soil, noted as the bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. history with around 23,000 casualties.
The Northern victory led to the announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation by Lincoln.

Fort Sumter

A federal fort located in Charleston, South Carolina.
Its bombardment by Confederate forces signaled the commencement of the Civil War.

First Battle of Bull Run

The first significant battle of the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory.
Observed by civilian spectators; highlighted the war's expected length and complexity.
General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson was instrumental in turning the tide for the Confederacy.

Stonewall Jackson

Renowned Confederate commander recognized for his leadership during the First Battle of Bull Run.
Died in battle at Chancellorsville due to friendly fire.

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general against the use of force to maintain the Union, despite personal opposition to secession.
Played a critical role in commanding Confederate forces and strategizing battles.

Virginia's Role in Secession

Virginia's secession influenced other Southern states like Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee.
Its resources, including ironworks and population, were significant for the Confederacy.

Virginia as a Symbolic Battleground

Held strategic military and industrial importance during the Civil War.
Capital of the Confederacy; critical for defense and resources.

North's Military Strategy Changes

The North began to adopt a more aggressive approach in military engagements.

General McClellan's Tactical Errors

Oversaw critical underestimations of Confederate troop strength and was overly cautious.
Failed to leverage the full potential of his own army, impacting battle outcomes.

Lincoln's Decision to Fire McClellan

Viewed as justified due to McClellan's significant errors during wartime.
Reflects the urgency and necessity for decisive leadership during a civil conflict.

Jefferson Davis' Decision for War

Chose to engage in war to protect the image and integrity of the Confederacy.

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Description

Review key concepts from your history course with these flashcards. This quiz covers important figures and strategies from the American Civil War, including the Anaconda Plan and General George McClellan. Test your knowledge and prepare for your final exam!