History Chapter 22 Key Terms

Questions and Answers

What is a Hooverville?

A public park in Washington D.C.

A military camp for veterans

A type of government program

A shanty town built by homeless people during the Great Depression (correct)

Who were the Scottsboro Nine?

A group of African American teenagers wrongfully accused of raping two white women.

The Bonus Army was a group of veterans who demanded immediate payment of their bonuses in 1932.

True

What were fireside chats?

Radio addresses by Franklin Roosevelt during the Great Depression. Signup and view all the answers

What was the New Deal?

Policies and programs initiated by Franklin Roosevelt to combat the Great Depression Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act?

To raise prices for farm produce by paying farmers subsidies to reduce production. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) do?

It brought low-cost electricity to rural Americans and redeveloped the Tennessee River Valley. Signup and view all the answers

What was the National Recovery Administration (NRA) established for?

Creating codes to regulate production, prices, wages, and hours Signup and view all the answers

What was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?

A New Deal work program that hired young, unmarried men for conservation projects. Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the Share Our Wealth plan?

To provide families with a $5,000 homestead and guaranteed annual income of $200. Signup and view all the answers

The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was created to put unemployed Americans to work on public projects.

True Signup and view all the answers

What did the Social Security Act of 1935 introduce?

Retirement pensions and unemployment insurance for most Americans. Signup and view all the answers

What was the National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)?

A 1935 act that created the National Labor Relations Board to protect workers' rights to organize. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sit-down strike?

Workers occupy their place of employment Signup and view all the answers

What did the Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) aim to do?

End the Dawes Act and authorize self-government for those living on reservations. Signup and view all the answers

What was Franklin Roosevelt's court packing plan?

A proposal to increase the size of the Supreme Court. Signup and view all the answers

What was the conservative coalition?

Alliance of southern Democrats and conservative northern Republicans Signup and view all the answers

What was established by the Fair Labor Standards Act?

Minimum wage and maximum workweek regulations. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hoovervilles

Shanty towns built by homeless people during the Great Depression.
Named after President Herbert Hoover, who was blamed for the economic crisis.

Scottsboro Nine

A group of nine African American teenagers falsely accused of raping two white women in 1931.
Supreme Court overturned their guilty verdicts in 1932 due to lack of adequate legal representation.

Bonus Army

World War I veterans who protested in Washington D.C. in 1932 for immediate payment of service bonuses.
President Hoover's refusal to negotiate led to a violent confrontation with the U.S. Army.

Fireside Chats

Radio addresses by President Franklin Roosevelt aimed at uplifting morale during the Great Depression.
Provided updates on government efforts to alleviate the struggles faced by Americans.

New Deal

A series of policies and programs initiated by Franklin Roosevelt to address the Great Depression.
Marked a significant expansion of government responsibility in economic matters.

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Legislation aimed at raising farm produce prices by providing subsidies to farmers who reduced production.
Ultimately favored large farmers and was declared unconstitutional in 1936.

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

A New Deal agency responsible for providing low-cost electricity to rural areas and managing flood control.
Oversaw the construction and management of numerous dams and power plants in the Tennessee River Valley.

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Established in 1933 to create codes regulating production, wages, and collective bargaining.
Ultimately deemed unconstitutional due to its failure to achieve intended economic stability.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A New Deal program that provided jobs to young, unmarried men in environmental conservation projects.
Employed approximately 2.5 million men until its closure in 1942.

A plan proposed by Senator Huey Long to provide families with a homestead and guaranteed income.
Funded through taxation of the wealthy, aimed at redistributing wealth to reduce poverty.

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Created in 1935 to employ Americans in various public works projects, including construction and the arts.
Represented one of the largest New Deal employment initiatives.

Landmark legislation passed in 1935 that established retirement pensions for the majority of Americans.
Included provisions for unemployment insurance, aiming to provide financial security.

National Labor Relations Act

Also known as the Wagner Act, passed in 1935 to protect workers' rights to organize unions.
Established the National Labor Relations Board to mediate labor disputes.

Sit Down Strike

Workers occupy their workplace to protest conditions and demand recognition.
Notably conducted by the United Auto Workers in 1937 against General Motors, leading to successful negotiations.

Indian Reorganization Act (IRA)

Enacted in 1934 to reverse the Dawes Act and promote self-governance for Native American tribes.
Aimed to restore tribal landholdings and uphold Native customs and languages.

Court Packing Plan

Proposal by Franklin Roosevelt in 1937 to expand the Supreme Court to gain support for New Deal policies.
Met with opposition in Congress, leading to increased resentment towards Roosevelt.

Conservative Coalition

Alliance formed between southern Democrats and conservative northern Republicans.
Worked together to block New Deal legislation after 1938, demonstrating political divisions.

Fair Labor Standards Act

Passed in 1938, establishing a minimum wage of 40 cents an hour and a 40-hour workweek.
Aimed to protect workers in businesses involved in interstate commerce.

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Description

This quiz covers key terms from History Chapter 22, including significant events and figures from the Great Depression era. Test your understanding of concepts such as Hoovervilles and the Scottsboro Nine. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their knowledge of this pivotal period in American history.