History Chapter 2 Review Flashcards

Republican Government

• Originated from ancient Greece and influenced European governance ideas.

The Renaissance

• A cultural movement characterized by a surge in trade and travel, fostering a desire for knowledge about the world.

End of China's Overseas Trade

• Zheng He's death marked the decline of China's maritime trade, as a new emperor implemented isolationist policies.

Pre-Exploration Links Between Africa and Asia

• Trade served as a crucial connection between the African and Asian continents prior to European exploration.

European Context of the Renaissance

• Europe was the center of the Renaissance, experiencing significant cultural and intellectual growth.

Native American Lifestyle

• Indigenous peoples demonstrated deep respect for nature, engaging in farming, hunting, gathering, and trade for sustenance.

League of the Iroquois

• An alliance formed to reduce intertribal conflicts and promote peace among various tribes.

Culture Area Definition

• A region where people share a homogeneous way of life, including customs and practices.

Wealth of Mali and Songhai

• These West African nations became prosperous through the Gold-Salt trade, which linked their economies.

Silk Road Significance

• An important overland trade route connecting China to the Middle East, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas.

The 10 Commandments

• A set of moral and religious guidelines recognized by both Christianity and Judaism.

Portugal's Influence in Trade

• Led European maritime exploration and the search for new trade routes during the 1400s.

Role of Farming

• The practice of agriculture enabled the establishment of permanent settlements and civilizations.

Olmecs as Early Civilization

• Recognized as the first known civilization in Central America, contributing to the region's cultural legacy.

Land Bridge Theory

• Suggests that Native Americans migrated from Asia to North America via a land bridge that existed in prehistoric times.

Printing Press Invention

• The invention by Johannes Gutenberg facilitated the widespread dissemination of ideas during the Renaissance.

Direct Democracy Explained

• A governmental system where ordinary citizens wield true power in decision-making processes.

Crusades Overview

• A series of holy wars initiated by Christians to reclaim the Holy Land, occurring from 1100 to 1300.

Astrolabe Usage

• A navigational instrument allowing sailors to ascertain their latitude while at sea.

Renaissance as an Expansive Era

• This period was marked by increased trade, advances in studies of science, art, and medicine, and the invention of the printing press, contributing to the emergence of new trade routes.