History Chapter 16 - Reconstruction Analysis
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Questions and Answers

Who is in charge of wartime reconstruction?

Both the president and congress

What was Lincoln's 10% plan?

  • A plan to restore the union without penalties for confederates (correct)
  • A plan to guarantee rights for ex-slaves
  • A plan to penalize confederates
  • A plan requiring 50% of whites to take an oath
  • What did slaves do after being freed?

    Many ex-slaves equated land with freedom and had to return to the plantations.

    What was the Freedmen's Bureau responsible for?

    <p>Distributing plantation lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Black Codes?

    <p>They took rights away from slaves and restricted their freedoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Congress enacted and overridden a veto for the first time in history.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reforms did the Congressional Radical Reconstruction introduce?

    <p>The 14th amendment and Reconstruction Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Tenure of Office Act require?

    <p>Senate consent is required for firing officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to Johnson after his impeachment?

    <p>He survived but lost much of his power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was sharecropping?

    <p>A farm tenancy system where families worked land in return for a share of the crop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Redeemers aim to achieve?

    <p>Restore white Democratic control in the South</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who founded the KKK?

    <p>Nathan Bedford Forrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 15th amendment angered women.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main outcome of the Reconstruction debate?

    <p>A change in black rights and the election of Republican governments in southern states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Wartime Reconstruction Leadership

    • Both the president and Congress hold authority over the wartime reconstruction efforts.

    Lincoln's 10% Plan

    • Proposed that the South never truly left the Union, maintaining presidential control.
    • Aimed to restore the Union with no penalties for the Confederates and minimal guarantees for ex-slaves; required only an oath of loyalty from 10% of white voters.

    Wade-Davis Plan

    • Required 50% of white males in a state to take an oath for readmission to the Union.
    • Excluded Confederates from political participation.
    • Guaranteed equal rights for freed slaves.

    Post-Emancipation Actions of Freed Slaves

    • Many ex-slaves associated land ownership with freedom; Radical Republicans supported this idea but challenged property rights.
    • A significant number were compelled to return to plantation work.

    Freedmen's Bureau

    • Established to distribute confiscated lands, resettle ex-slaves, and provide education, legal assistance, and job opportunities.
    • Its success led to increased hostility among Southern whites.

    Presidential Reconstruction under Andrew Johnson

    • Johnson faced a lack of political support after Lincoln's assassination and attempted to return land to white Southerners to gain favor.
    • Resulted in Southern states forming their own governments.

    Black Codes

    • Southern states enacted Black Codes to restrict ex-slaves’ rights, denying them the ability to serve on juries or testify against whites.

    Congressional Override of Presidential Veto

    • Marked the first instance in U.S. history of Congress enacting measures against a president's veto regarding reconstruction efforts.

    Congressional Radical Reconstruction

    • Introduced the 14th Amendment, establishing citizenship and equal protection under the law.
    • The Reconstruction Act divided the South into five military districts and allowed black voting while approving the 14th Amendment.

    Tenure of Office Act

    • Required Senate approval for the removal of officials, a critical factor in Andrew Johnson’s impeachment.

    Post-Impeachment Scenario

    • Johnson survived impeachment but lost much of his political influence.

    Reconstruction Debate Outcomes

    • Empowered black rights, leading to the election of two black senators and the 15th Amendment granting black male suffrage.

    Scalawags

    • Southern individuals who supported the new constitution and aligned politically with the Republicans for cultural integration and future opportunity.

    Redeemers

    • White Southern Democrats aiming to restore pre-war power dynamics, viewed as “redeeming” the South from perceived Northern domination.

    Carpetbaggers

    • Northerners who migrated to the South to exploit its weakened economy, often seen as opportunists.

    Republican Control in Reconstruction

    • Republicans pushed for investments in infrastructure, hospitals, and education, promoting civil rights and economic recovery in the South.
    • Overall, reconstruction efforts had seen positive developments.

    Formation of the KKK

    • Emerged as a reaction to the increased black presence and Republican policies, characterized by violent opposition from angry white men.
    • Democrats often supported KKK activities, aiming to restore white supremacy.

    Founder of the KKK

    • Nathan Bedford Forrest recognized as the initial figurehead of the Ku Klux Klan.

    15th Amendment and Women's Rights

    • Sparked resentment among women’s suffrage advocates who felt sidelined; fueled the evolution of the women’s rights movement seeking voting rights.

    Sharecropping System

    • Families worked land for a portion of crops instead of wages, perpetuating a cycle resembling slavery due to lack of financial independence.

    Decline of Reconstruction Efforts

    • President Grant favored southern investment rather than strict government oversight, leading to skepticism among Northern Republicans about the effectiveness of reconstruction.

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    Description

    Explore the critical questions surrounding the reconstruction era in this quiz. Delve into the roles of key figures, plans like Lincoln's 10% plan, and the various perspectives on whether reconstruction was a success or a failure. Test your knowledge with flashcards designed to enhance your understanding of this pivotal time in American history.

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