Questions and Answers
What is Ellis Island?
What is Angel Island known for?
What is culture shock?
Confusion and anxiety resulting from immersion in a culture whose ways of thinking and acting are not understood.
What does melting pot refer to?
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The Chinese Exclusion Act banned entry to all individuals of Chinese descent.
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What was the Gentleman's Agreement?
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What is urbanization?
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What are row houses?
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What are dumbbell tenements?
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What is a settlement house?
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Who founded Chicago's Hull House?
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What is a political machine?
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What was Tammany Hall?
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What was the Tweed Ring?
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Who was Thomas Nast?
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What is patronage?
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What does civil service refer to?
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Who was Rutherford B. Hayes?
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Who was James A. Garfield?
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What did the Pendleton Act authorize?
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Study Notes
Immigration Stations
- Ellis Island: Key immigrant processing center located in New York.
- Angel Island: Located in San Francisco Bay; served as an entry point for around 50,000 Chinese immigrants to the United States.
Cultural Concepts
- Culture Shock: Emotional response characterized by confusion and anxiety stemming from exposure to unfamiliar cultural practices and beliefs.
- Melting Pot: Concept describing a diverse society where individuals from various cultures blend by discarding their native customs and languages.
Immigration Legislation
- Chinese Exclusion Act: Legislation that prohibited the entry of all Chinese immigrants, with exceptions for students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials.
- Gentleman's Agreement: An informal arrangement where the Japanese government agreed to restrict emigration to the United States.
Urban Development
- Urbanization: Refers to the expansion and growth of urban areas and cities.
- Row Houses: Single-family homes built in rows, sharing side walls with adjacent units.
- Dumbbell Tenement: Unique building design resembling a dumbbell, consisting of long, narrow structures aimed at improving slum conditions, adhering to minimum living standards.
Social Welfare
- Settlement House: Community centers supporting slum neighborhoods by providing aid and companionship to local residents, especially targeting immigrants.
- Jane Addams: Pioneer in social work; co-founded Chicago's Hull House, which served as a settlement house in the community.
Political Structures
- Political Machine: A systematic organization that dominated city political activities, offering services to secure votes and financial backing from businesses.
- Tammany Hall: Dominant Democratic political machine in New York City, known for its extensive influence.
- Tweed Ring: A coalition of corrupt officials led by Boss Tweed, accused of embezzling $200 million from the city through kickbacks.
Reform Movements
- Thomas Nast: Influential political cartoonist whose satirical illustrations targeted corruption, particularly aimed at Boss Tweed.
- Patronage: System where government jobs were awarded to individuals who supported political candidates during elections.
Governance and Elections
- Civil Service: Refers to the administrative functions of government.
- Rutherford B. Hayes: Elected president following the controversial 1876 election, marking a significant event in U.S. political history.
- James A. Garfield: Independent Ohio Congressman and presidential candidate; his selection represented a compromise between opposing factions within the political arena.
- Pendleton Act: Established a merit-based system for federal job appointments, creating a bipartisan civil service commission to oversee the process.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering important terms from Chapter 15 of your history study. Learn about key concepts such as Ellis Island, Angel Island, culture shock, and the melting pot theory. Perfect for students preparing for their exams or anyone interested in American immigration history.
