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In an attempt to end the war, the fighting countries started to launch what was identified as a total war?
In an attempt to end the war, the fighting countries started to launch what was identified as a total war?
All the world nations, later in 1916, imposed immediate universal military draft, or ______?
All the world nations, later in 1916, imposed immediate universal military draft, or ______?
______ set up a system of forced civilian labor as well.
______ set up a system of forced civilian labor as well.
On the economic side, in order to help pay the costs of the war, governments ______.
On the economic side, in order to help pay the costs of the war, governments ______.
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At the start of the war, ______'s navy formed a blockade to keep ships carrying supplies in and out of Germany.
At the start of the war, ______'s navy formed a blockade to keep ships carrying supplies in and out of Germany.
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An international law at the time of WWI allowed wartime blockades to confiscate supplies (but not items such as food or clothing).
An international law at the time of WWI allowed wartime blockades to confiscate supplies (but not items such as food or clothing).
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In spite of the international law, Britain stopped food and clothing from reaching ______ where the situation was getting harder.
In spite of the international law, Britain stopped food and clothing from reaching ______ where the situation was getting harder.
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Because of not finding resources for food, the German depended on potato, and when the potato crop failed in 1916, the German had to depend on another crop; thus, the winter of 1916 was known as the "_______."
Because of not finding resources for food, the German depended on potato, and when the potato crop failed in 1916, the German had to depend on another crop; thus, the winter of 1916 was known as the "_______."
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By its turn, Germany used _______ to create its own blockades, declaring that it would sink all ships carrying goods to Russia.
By its turn, Germany used _______ to create its own blockades, declaring that it would sink all ships carrying goods to Russia.
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In 1915, a German submarine torpedoed the British liner ______ off the coast of ______. 1200 passengers were killed in the attack. Germany justified the attack by arguing that the ship was carrying weapons.
In 1915, a German submarine torpedoed the British liner ______ off the coast of ______. 1200 passengers were killed in the attack. Germany justified the attack by arguing that the ship was carrying weapons.
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Since 128 Americans were among the 1200 victims, the American president Woodrow Wilson threatened to cut off diplomatic relations with Germany, the German ______.
Since 128 Americans were among the 1200 victims, the American president Woodrow Wilson threatened to cut off diplomatic relations with Germany, the German ______.
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In general, _______ is spreading ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause.
In general, _______ is spreading ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause.
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The main aims of the Propaganda War were to ______.
The main aims of the Propaganda War were to ______.
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The tales, about the German brutality in invading Belgium and other tales about atrocities (horrible acts committed against the innocent), circulated by the British and the French press were ______.
The tales, about the German brutality in invading Belgium and other tales about atrocities (horrible acts committed against the innocent), circulated by the British and the French press were ______.
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When men left for war, women took the responsibility of working in all fields, even in war industries: manufacturing weapons and supplies. Ladies were growing the nations' food, and nurses were working around the clock in the most horrifying conditions. By doing these missions, women could ______.
When men left for war, women took the responsibility of working in all fields, even in war industries: manufacturing weapons and supplies. Ladies were growing the nations' food, and nurses were working around the clock in the most horrifying conditions. By doing these missions, women could ______.
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Morale of troops and civilians started to collapse because of: war fatigue, long causality lists, failure to win promised victories, reaching the brink of bankruptcy (Britain as an example), and reaching the degree of sending 15-year-old recruits to the front (Germany as an example). What follow are some results of the collapsed morale except ______.
Morale of troops and civilians started to collapse because of: war fatigue, long causality lists, failure to win promised victories, reaching the brink of bankruptcy (Britain as an example), and reaching the degree of sending 15-year-old recruits to the front (Germany as an example). What follow are some results of the collapsed morale except ______.
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“Stories of incompetent generals at war and the corruption at homeland eroded public confidence in Russia. In 1917, riots in ST. Petersburg erupted into a revolution that brought down the Russian Monarchy.” The outcome of the revolution pleased the Allies since they believed overthrowing the Tsar will result into turning Russia into a democratic country; thus Russia would become a stronger ally, but what happened was what follow except ______.
“Stories of incompetent generals at war and the corruption at homeland eroded public confidence in Russia. In 1917, riots in ST. Petersburg erupted into a revolution that brought down the Russian Monarchy.” The outcome of the revolution pleased the Allies since they believed overthrowing the Tsar will result into turning Russia into a democratic country; thus Russia would become a stronger ally, but what happened was what follow except ______.
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Another event altered the balance of forces: USA joining the war when it declared war on ______.
Another event altered the balance of forces: USA joining the war when it declared war on ______.
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Many Americans supported the allies because of what follow except ______.
Many Americans supported the allies because of what follow except ______.
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On the other hand, other Americans favored the Central Power because of more than one reason, among which was ______.
On the other hand, other Americans favored the Central Power because of more than one reason, among which was ______.
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USA declared the war on Germany in 1917 when ______.
USA declared the war on Germany in 1917 when ______.
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The anti- German feeling was intensified in the United States as a result of ______.
The anti- German feeling was intensified in the United States as a result of ______.
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The Americans took months to mobilize, for they did not have the intention to join the war at the beginning, but then they helped raise the morale of the Allies troops by ______.
The Americans took months to mobilize, for they did not have the intention to join the war at the beginning, but then they helped raise the morale of the Allies troops by ______.
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With the hope to be a peacemaker, though failing to keep neutrality, the American president Wilson issued, in 1918, ______ a list of his terms for resolving WWI and future wars.
With the hope to be a peacemaker, though failing to keep neutrality, the American president Wilson issued, in 1918, ______ a list of his terms for resolving WWI and future wars.
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Some of the terms of what Wilson issued were: ______.
Some of the terms of what Wilson issued were: ______.
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Losing the hope and ability to win the war, with the USA joining the Allies, the German Kaiser ______ was advised to step down. He fled into an exile in ______.
Losing the hope and ability to win the war, with the USA joining the Allies, the German Kaiser ______ was advised to step down. He fled into an exile in ______.
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The new German government sought ______ or agreement to end fighting, and in November 1918, the Great War at last came to an end.
The new German government sought ______ or agreement to end fighting, and in November 1918, the Great War at last came to an end.
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Study Notes
Chapter 14: Section 3 - Winning The War
- Total War definition: A war requiring total collaboration among allies, with governments controlling economies and cultural life to support the war effort. It involves all countries.
- World War I Global Impact: In 1916, several nations, including Great Britain, imposed universal military conscription, drafting soldiers.
- Forced Labor: Germany established a system of forced civilian labor.
- Wartime Economics: Governments raised taxes and borrowed money, rationed goods, and set prices to pay for the war.
- Wartime Blockades: International laws allowed wartime blockades to confiscate military supplies and materials (excluding food and clothing). Britain imposed a blockade on Germany stopping supplies from reaching their country.
- Turnip Winter: 1916 German winter characterized by reliance on turnips as a food source due to potato crop failures.
- Submarine Warfare: Germany used U-boats (submarines) to attack ships carrying goods, particularly targeting Britain. One example was the sinking of the Lusitania.
- American Involvement: Initially, the US had no intention to join the war, but ultimately played a role in boosting allied morale and supplying assistance, including financial aid. They joined when Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare.
- Propaganda War Goal: To provide current information while suppressing bad news, bolstering public morale, and encouraging wartime support, especially by financing war efforts.
- Woodrow Wilson: Protested when Germans sank American ships.
- Wartime Morale: As wars lengthen, morale among soldiers and civilians frequently declines due to weariness, long casualty lists, failure to win battles, and financial issues.
- War's End: The war ended in November 1918 with an armistice.
- Zimmerman Telegram: A note from the German foreign minister to Mexico proposing an alliance. This was a key factor in prompting the US to join the war.
- Armenian Casualties: It is imperative to note the impact of war on civilian populations, as highlighted by the massive number of Armenian casualties among numerous other conflicts.
- Wilson's 14 Points: A strategy for post-war peace put forth by US President Woodrow Wilson, these points included principles like freedom of the seas, reduction of armaments, and self-determination for nations.
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Description
Explore the dynamics of total war in Chapter 14, Section 3, focusing on World War I. Learn about the measures taken by governments to mobilize economies, forced labor systems, and the impact of wartime blockades. Dive into how these elements shaped the global landscape of the war period.
