History Chapter 11 Flashcards

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which countries were part of the Axis Powers?

Japan (correct)

Italy (correct)

Germany (correct)

France

What does fascism refer to?

a kind of aggressive nationalism

What is isolationism?

idea that a country should avoid international commitments

What is 'Mein Kampf'?

Adolf Hitler's autobiography written while he was in prison Signup and view all the answers

What is Manchuria?

resource-rich province of China invaded by the Japanese army Signup and view all the answers

Who was a fervent anti-Communist and a great admirer of Benito Mussolini?

Adolf Hitler Signup and view all the answers

Where did many military officers in Japan believe Japan was destined to dominate?

East Asia Signup and view all the answers

What did Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin begin in 1927?

massive effort to industrialize his country Signup and view all the answers

What is the Nazi Party also known as?

National Socialist German Workers' Party Signup and view all the answers

Who led the 1936 rebellion in Spain that became a civil war?

Benito Mussolini Signup and view all the answers

What does Blitzkrieg mean?

lightning war Signup and view all the answers

What is Danzig?

a Polish port with strong German roots Signup and view all the answers

What was the Maginot Line?

a line of concrete bunkers and fortifications built by the French along the German border Signup and view all the answers

What is appeasement?

the policy of giving concessions in exchange for peace Signup and view all the answers

What does Anschluss mean?

unification Signup and view all the answers

What country was divided by the secret deal in the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact?

Poland Signup and view all the answers

What was the air battle that began in June 1940 known as?

the Battle of Britain Signup and view all the answers

What two areas did Hitler aim to seize for supplies in 1937?

Austria and Czechoslovakia Signup and view all the answers

After the fall of Poland, where did Hitler and his generals decide to attack next?

Norway and Denmark Signup and view all the answers

What was the only port remaining open for Britain and France to evacuate from Belgium?

Dunkirk Signup and view all the answers

What were the Nuremberg Laws?

took citizenship away from Jewish Germans and banned marriage between Jews and other Germans Signup and view all the answers

What was Auschwitz?

extermination camp where 1,600,000 people died Signup and view all the answers

Who was Anne Frank?

a girl who kept a diary of her life in hiding from the Nazis Signup and view all the answers

What does Shoah refer to?

Hebrew for 'catastrophe' and used to refer to the Holocaust Signup and view all the answers

What was the Gestapo?

German government's secret police Signup and view all the answers

What event in 1938 marked a significant escalation in Nazi persecution against the Jews?

Kristallnacht Signup and view all the answers

What did few Americans want to raise immigration quotas for?

European refugees Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the first and largest concentration camps built in 1937?

Buchenwald Signup and view all the answers

Who did the Nazis hold in contempt along with Jews?

Slavic People Signup and view all the answers

At what event did Nazi leaders plan for the extermination of Europe's Jews more quickly?

the Wannsee Conference Signup and view all the answers

What did the Lend-Lease Act state regarding arms?

the US could lend or lease arms to any country considered 'vital to the defense of the US' Signup and view all the answers

What is the hemispheric defense zone?

the entire western half of the Atlantic Ocean that Roosevelt declared as neutral territory Signup and view all the answers

What was the Neutrality Act of 1939 revised to allow?

warring countries to buy arms from the US on a cash-and-carry basis Signup and view all the answers

What are strategic materials?

materials imported for fighting war Signup and view all the answers

What was the Reuben James?

American destroyer torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine Signup and view all the answers

In June of 1941, which country did Hitler invade?

The Soviet Union Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Historical Terms and Concepts

Axis Powers: Alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.
Fascism: Political ideology characterized by aggressive nationalism and authoritarianism.
Isolationism: A foreign policy strategy advocating non-involvement in international affairs.

Significant Figures and Works

Mein Kampf: Autobiographical book by Adolf Hitler written while imprisoned, outlining his ideology and future plans for Germany.
Adolf Hitler: Führer of Nazi Germany, known for his fervent anti-Communism and admiration of Benito Mussolini.
Benito Mussolini: Italian dictator and leader of the National Fascist Party, who supported the 1936 Spanish civil war.

Geography and Strategic Locations

Manchuria: Resource-rich province in China invaded by Japan, critical for its natural resources.
Danzig: Polish port city with significant German historical roots.
Maginot Line: Defensive line of fortifications built by France along the German border, ineffective during WWII.

Military Strategies and Events

Blitzkrieg: Military strategy known as "lightning war" involving rapid, coordinated attacks.
Battle of Britain: Air battle that occurred between German Luftwaffe and British air force from June to fall 1940.
Kristallnacht: Night of broken glass; a nationwide pogrom in 1938, escalating Nazi persecution of Jews.

Notable Legislation and Policies

Nuremberg Laws: Laws that stripped citizenship from Jewish Germans and prohibited intermarriage with non-Jews.
Lend-Lease Act: US legislation allowing the lending or leasing of arms to countries deemed vital to US defense.
Neutrality Act of 1939: Revised to permit warring nations to buy arms from the US on a cash-and-carry basis.

Concentration Camps and the Holocaust

Auschwitz: Notorious extermination camp where approximately 1.6 million people were killed.
Buchenwald: One of the first and largest concentration camps established near Weimar, Germany, in 1937.
Shoah: Hebrew term meaning "catastrophe," commonly used to refer to the Holocaust.

Nazi Anti-Jewish Action and War Expansion

Wannsee Conference: Meeting of Nazi officials in 1942 to organize the systematic extermination of Jews.
Reuben James: American destroyer sunk by a German submarine, highlighting rising tensions before the US entered WWII.
Invasion of the Soviet Union: Launched by Hitler in June 1941, breaking the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact.

Key Events and Their Impacts

Appeasement: Policy of making concessions to avoid conflict, notably associated with negotiations before WWII.
Anschluss: Term for the unification of Austria and Germany, part of Hitler's expansionist agenda.
Evacuation at Dunkirk: The only remaining port for British and French forces to escape after being surrounded in Belgium.

Victims of Nazi Ideology: Jews, homosexuals, people with disabilities, Gypsies, and Slavic people faced severe persecution under Nazi rule.
Anne Frank: Jewish girl whose diary documents her life in hiding during the Holocaust, symbolizing the human impact of Nazi terror.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of key terms from History Chapter 11. This quiz covers significant concepts like the Axis Powers, fascism, and more, helping you deepen your understanding of international relations during World War II. Perfect for students preparing for exams or anyone interested in history.