History and Properties of the Periodic Table
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Questions and Answers

Which element has the ability to release energy when an electron is added, with an electron affinity of 27 KJ/mole (exo.)?

  • Sulfur
  • Oxygen
  • Boron (correct)
  • Fluorine

    • What is the opposite of electronegativity, which measures an element's ability to donate electrons?

  • Electron affinity
  • Ionization energy
  • Valence electron attraction
  • Electropositivity (correct)

    • Why is oxygen more electronegative than nitrogen?

  • Oxygen has 8 protons in the nucleus whereas nitrogen only has 7.
  • Oxygen has 2 energy levels, while nitrogen has 3.
  • The bonding electrons in nitrogen are further away from the nucleus of the atom.
  • A bonding pair of electrons will experience more attraction from the oxygen’s nucleus than from nitrogen’s. (correct)

    • Why is oxygen more electronegative than sulfur?

    <p>The bonding pair of electrons in oxygen will experience more attraction from its nucleus than sulfur’s bonding electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atomic size as you move from left to right across a period?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which trend does electropositivity increase as the number of electron shells increases, resulting in less attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons?

    <p>Electropositivity trend</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend for ionization energy as you move down a group?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of electron affinity?

    <p>The change in energy when an electron is added to the neutral atom in gaseous state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the electron affinity when an element is stable and has no ability to gain or lose electrons?

    <p>It becomes negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the stability of an element and its ability to gain or lose electrons?

    <p>Stable elements have a low ability to gain or lose electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atomic size as you move from left to right across a period?

    <p>Atomic size decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which trend does ionization energies decrease?

    <p>On descending a group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electron affinity?

    <p>The change in energy when an electron is added to the neutral atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between stable atom and unstable atom?

    <p>Stable atoms have no ability to gain or lose electrons, while unstable atoms can gain or lose electrons easily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the stability of an element and its ability to gain or lose electrons?

    <p>Stable elements have no ability to gain or lose electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of an element's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a compound?

    <p>Electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electronegativity trend as you move from left to right across a period?

    <p>Electronegativity increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element has the highest electronegativity?

    <p>Fluorine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the number of electron shells and electropositivity?

    <p>Electropositivity increases as the number of electron shells increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does oxygen have higher electronegativity than sulfur?

    <p>The bonding pair of electrons in oxygen experiences more attraction from its nucleus than sulfur's bonding electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

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