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Questions and Answers
What was the original name of Java?
Oak
Who developed Java?
Java's syntax is derived from Python.
False
What are some features of Java?
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What tool is used to compile Java source code?
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What does JVM stand for?
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Which of the following is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Java?
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The command to run a compiled Java program is ______.
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What is the main method in a Java program?
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Match the following Java Editions with their primary usage:
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Study Notes
History of Java Technology
- Java was initially called Oak, developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation) in 1995.
- Java's syntax is derived from C and C++, but its object model is simpler with fewer low-level features.
- Initially designed to control electronic devices for Sun's project, Java evolved into a language for web development, leading to the creation of the HotJava browser.
- Netscape Navigator was developed later to support Java.
Java Features
- Simple, Object-Oriented, and Familiar: Easy to learn and understand.
- Robust and Secure: Designed with security in mind to minimize errors.
- Architecture-Neutral and Portable: Java bytecode can run on any platform with a JVM.
- High Performance: Achieves high performance using Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation.
- Interpreted, Threaded, and Dynamic: Multithreaded, dynamic language capable of adapting to an evolving environment.
Java Editions
- J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition): Basic edition for desktop applications.
- J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition): Designed for large-scale enterprise solutions.
- J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition): Optimized for mobile devices and embedded systems.
JVM and J2SDK
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM): The core of Java’s portability. Java source code is compiled into bytecode (.class files) that can be executed on any platform through the JVM.
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J2SDK (Java Software Development Kit): Includes tools for developing Java applications:
- java: The application loader.
- javac: Java compiler.
- javadoc: Documentation generator.
Understanding the Java Application Architecture
- Source Code (.java): Written by the developer.
- Bytecode (.class): Generated by compiling the source code using the javac tool.
- Machine Code: Generated by the JVM from the bytecode, specific to the platform (Windows, Linux, etc.).
Integrated Development Environment (IDE):
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NetBeans:
- Provides a user-friendly interface.
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Features:
- Source Code Editor: With syntax highlighting, code completion, and error checking.
- GUI Builder (Matisse): A drag-and-drop tool to design user interfaces without needing to understand layout managers.
- Refactoring Tools: Simplifies renaming, moving, and restructuring of code.
- Debugger: Advanced debugging capabilities with breakpoints, variable watches, and a "fix and continue" feature.
- Version Control: Built-in support for CVS and other version control systems.
- Other Popular IDEs: Eclipse, Microsoft Visual Studio.
Steps in Creating a Java Application:
- Create Source Code: Write the Java code (e.g., HelloJava.java) using any text editor.
- Compile Source Code: Use the javac command to compile the source into bytecode (e.g., javac HelloJava.java).
- Run Program: Execute the compiled code with the java command (e.g., java HelloJava).
JVM Functionality
- A Java program begins with a class declaration followed by the main method where execution starts.
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Example Java Program:
class HelloWorld { public static void main(String args[]) { System.out.println("Hello World"); } } - Compilation Command: javac HelloWorld.java
- Execution Command: java HelloWorld
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Description
This quiz explores the development history of Java technology and its key features. From its inception as Oak to its widespread use in web development, learn about the characteristics that define Java. Test your knowledge on the various editions of Java and their capabilities.
