History and Definition of Art

Study Notes

Art is a diverse spectrum of human expression encompassing various forms, materials, and purposes.
Contemporary art breaks traditional conventions, emphasizing innovation and diversity in artistic expression.
Key periods in Philippine art history trace influences from indigenous, colonial, and modern movements.
Classical Realism highlights strong representation, with proponents striving for representation and perfection in form.
Modernism emerged in the Philippines with a break from traditional art forms, emphasizing new ideas and aesthetics.
The Triumvirate of Philippine Modern Painting includes significant artists who shaped contemporary movements.

Art forms are categorized into Visual, Performing, Literary, and Applied Arts, each with unique characteristics and purposes.
Characteristics of contemporary art include being site-specific, collaborative, interactive, process-based, and integrative.
Philippine art classifications distinguish between Fine Art, Folk Art, and Commercial Art, reflecting cultural and commercial influences.

Elements of art consist of Line, Shape, Form, Space, Texture, Value, and Color, which serve as the building blocks for artistic composition.
Principles of art include Balance, Emphasis, Contrast, Harmony, guiding how elements are arranged to create meaning or aesthetic appeal.

The medium in art refers to the tools or channels used to convey messages, ranging from physical materials to digital formats.
Techniques lie in manipulating materials to achieve desired artistic effects, with visual art techniques such as Drawing, Painting, Sculpture, and Printmaking.
Performing arts techniques encompass Dance, Music, and various advertisement strategies.

Contemporary art is distinguished by its departure from conventions, highlighting innovation and diverse influences.
A theatrical performance combining song and speech is identified as Sarswela or Zarzuela.
A mandala signifies a radial balance, where elements are organized around a central point.
Hatching is characterized as a drawing technique, not pertaining to printmaking methods like etching and lithography.
Tonality in music is crucial for determining key signatures, influencing the emotional and structural elements of compositions.

Acoustic and electric guitars exhibit distinct tone qualities, confirming the statement as false.
A smartphone camera is categorized as a digital medium, contradicting traditional medium classification.
Value is accurately defined as the lightness or darkness of a color.
Tertiary colors arise from the mixture of secondary colors, disproving the notion of primary color combinations.
Victorio Edades holds the title of Father of Philippine Modern Painting, affirming the statement as true.