Historical Perspective on Heredity Research

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What was the primary purpose of psychological exams in ancient times?

To exempt individuals from government-sponsored torture

To categorize people based on their moral character

To determine personality types based on body fluids

To grant special privileges to those who passed the exams (correct)

Which of the following individuals is credited with envisioning psychology as a science and psychological measurement as a specialism within that discipline?

Charles Darwin

Christian von Wolff (correct)

David Wechsler

Wilhelm Max Wundt

What was the key insight from Charles Darwin's book 'On the Origin of Species' that is relevant to the development of psychological assessment?

Chance variation in species will be selected or rejected by nature based on adaptability and survival value (correct)

Psychological assessment can be used to grant special privileges to individuals

Personality types are determined by body fluids

Psychological assessment can be used to identify individuals in league with the Devil

Which of the following individuals is most closely associated with the intelligence testing movement?

Alfred Binet (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a key development in the emergence of psychological assessment in its contemporary form?

The Renaissance period (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals is most closely associated with the development of modern intelligence tests?

David Wechsler (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was Francis Galton's earliest work on heredity focused on?

Using sweet peas to study heredity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main goals of Wilhelm Max Wundt and his students at the first experimental psychology laboratory?

To define human capacities in terms of reaction time, perception, and attention span (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was Wundt's perception of individual differences in experimentation?

Individual differences can be a troublesome source of inaccuracy in experimentation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the growing awareness of psychological exams on people's interest in them during the 1900s?

People's interest in psychological exams became enthusiastic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the instruments that were introduced to measure mental ability?

To purport to measure mental ability (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topics is not mentioned in the text?

David Wechsler (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Binet and Simon's 30-item measuring scale of intelligence?

To identify Paris schoolchildren with intellectual disability (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced a test in 1939 designed to measure adult intelligence?

David Wechsler (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which movement was launched by the development of the Binet test?

Intelligence testing movement (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what context were psychological tests being used in the early 20th century?

Schools, hospitals, clinics, courts (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the group intelligence test devised by Binet in the United States?

To screen the intellectual ability of World War I recruits (D) Signup and view all the answers

How did David Wechsler define intelligence in his test?

"The aggregate or global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment" (C) Signup and view all the answers