Questions and Answers
Hunain ibn-Ishāq is known as the Father of ______ Translation.
Arab
Public pharmacies became relatively common in Southern Europe, referred to as ______.
Apothecary
Paracelsus introduced the idea of the body as a ______ process.
chemical
SĀBŪR IBN-SAHL compiled a prototype of the ______ now used today.
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The works of Galen and Dioscorides were widely accepted and further ______ to Latin.
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The compilation of formulas arranged in an alphabetical fashion was called ______.
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Greek writings about medicine were translated into ______ during the rise of new civilizations.
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The obligation by ______ was a significant principle in the medical profession.
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The active ingredients of various products were derived from ______.
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Apothecary shops first appeared in Boston, New York, and ______.
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Christopher Marshall developed a pioneer pharmaceutical ______.
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The first hospital pharmacy was established at the Pennsylvania ______.
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John Morgan championed prescription writing and the separation of the two ______.
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The first hospital pharmacist was ______ Roberts.
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Elizabeth Marshall became the first American woman ______.
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The first hospital pharmacy internship program was started by Harvey Whitney at the University of Michigan ______.
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Miguel López de Legazpi's expedition arrived on February 13, ______.
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UST was established in ______ by the Franciscans.
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The hospital built by the Franciscans was known as ______ de San Juan de Dios.
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Medicinas Caseras, first published in ______, contained treatment suggestions for certain diseases.
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Hospital de San Gabriel was managed by the ______.
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FR. BLANCO, OSA authored 'Flora de Filipinas', a botanical masterpiece established in ______.
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The 'Colegio de Nuestra Senora del Rosario de Santo Tomas' is located in ______.
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Various sicknesses were discussed in 'Medicinas Caseras', which also included medicinal ______ and herbs.
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The American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA) was established in _____
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The American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) was formed in _____
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Patents were first granted in _____ by the newly founded United States.
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The Philadelphia College of Pharmacy was founded in _____ at Carpenter’s Hall.
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William Proctor Jr. is known as the Father of _____ Pharmacy.
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The pre-historic period includes the _____ period.
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Herbolarios were skilled men in the use of healing _____ during the pre-Spanish era.
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Druggists continued to compound and prepare medicines for patients from the early 1900s through the early _____.
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The first hospital built by the Spaniards was the ______ Hospital in Cebu.
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PPHA was established as a national ______ organization of pharmacists in the Philippines.
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Southstar Drug started as a small business venture engaged in the retail of ______ herbal medicines.
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León María Guerrero y Leogardo is regarded as the first Filipino ______.
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Clinical pharmacy took over an aspect of medical care partially abandoned by ______.
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The drug utilization survey polls indicate that pharmacists are trusted in the field of ______ administration.
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Edwards Kremers of the University of ______ had significant contributions during the Pharmacy Period.
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Dr. Manuel del Rosario succeeded in leadership after Dr. ______.
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Study Notes
Historical Development of Pharmacy
- Separation of pharmaceutical practices from the medical profession began under Islamic influence.
- Greek medical texts, especially works by Galen and Dioscorides, were translated into Arabic, forming a basis for future medical knowledge.
- Public pharmacies emerged in Southern Europe, known as apothecaries, enhancing public access to medications.
Key Figures in Pharmacy
- Hunain ibn-Ishāq: Translated key medical works into Arabic; credited with making Greek medical knowledge accessible to Muslims and later to Europeans.
- Sābur ibn Sahl: Compiled formulas for medications in an organized manner, titled al-Aqrābādhīn al-Kabīr, a precursor to modern formularies.
Evolution of Pharmaceutical Practice
- Paracelsus introduced the concept of the body as influenced by chemical processes, leading to a transition in pharmacy towards chemical medicine and internal therapies.
- Apothecary shops in America appeared post-1600s in cities like Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, bringing localized pharmaceutical services.
- First hospital pharmacy established at Pennsylvania Hospital in 1752 by Benjamin Franklin; Jonathan Roberts served as the first hospital pharmacist.
American Pharmacy Milestones
- Christopher Marshall: Significant figure in American pharmacy; established a leading retail pharmacy and chemical manufacturing.
- Elizabeth Marshall: The first American woman pharmacist, marking a pivotal moment for women in pharmacy.
- William Proctor Jr.: Known as the Father of American Pharmacy; helped found the American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA) in 1852 to enhance pharmacy education and standards.
Legislative Developments
- First patents granted in the U.S. in 1790 for secret cures; this led to formal protection for pharmaceutical innovations.
- Formation of various professional organizations including the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) established in 1942, reflecting the organized nature of pharmacy as a profession.
Influences in Historical Context
- Pre-Hispanic Philippines had traditional healers known as herbolarios, using local herbs and remedies, functioning independently of European influence.
- The arrival of Spanish colonizers led to significant developments in pharmacy infrastructure, including the founding of schools and hospitals.
Notable Publications
- Medicinas Caseras: Authored by Fr. Fernando Santa Maria, this book included treatments for various diseases and was one of the early contributions to medical literature in the Philippines.
- Flora de Filipinas: A botanical work significant for documenting medicinal plants in the Philippines during Spanish rule.
Modern Developments in Philippine Pharmacy
- The Philippine Pharmacists Association (PPHA) was founded in 1920, considered the cornerstone association for pharmacy professionals in the country.
- Southstar Drug established in 1937 as the first chain of drugstores in the Philippines, evolving from a small herbal medicine business.
- León María Guerrero y Leogardo: A pioneer as the first Filipino pharmacist and a prominent historical figure combining pharmacy with activism and politics.
Pharmacy's Integration into Healthcare
- Pharmacists began to take on more responsibilities in healthcare, including aspects of medical care previously managed solely by physicians.
- Drug utilization surveys indicated pharmacists as trusted professionals in medication administration, reflecting their essential role in patient care.
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Description
Explore the rich history of pharmacy, from its roots in Islamic influence to the pivotal figures who shaped modern practices. This quiz covers key contributors like Hunain ibn-Ishāq and the evolution of public pharmacies in Europe and America.
