18 Questions
According to Robert H. Hutchins, what is curriculum seen as?
Permanent studies
Which intellectual disciplines did Arthur Bestor believe the curriculum should focus on?
Grammar, literature, writing, mathematics, science, history, and foreign language
According to Joseph Schwab, what should the curriculum consist of?
Knowledge from discipline being the sole source
How do most traditional ideas view curriculum?
Written documents or plan of action in accomplishing goals
What did John Dewey emphasize as the total learning experience of the individual?
Reflective thinking
'Derived from action but tested by application' is associated with which educational thinker?
John Dewey
Which type of curriculum focuses on the activities planned and unplanned for learners?
Curriculum as experiences of the learners
What is a disadvantage of Curriculum as a program of study?
All students learning is contained in programs
Which type of curriculum provides direction for planning and development by providing a document?
Curriculum as a product
In Curriculum as experiences of the learners, what does the emphasis typically focus on?
Learning and the learner
What is the main focus of Curriculum as intended learning?
Goals, content, concepts, generalization, outcomes
Which type of curriculum may separate processes of learning what is to be learned?
Curriculum as intended learning
According to Bobbit (1918), how does he define curriculum?
That series of things which children and youth must do and experience
How does Caswell and Campbell (1935) define curriculum?
All the experiences children have under the guidance of teachers
According to Smith, Stanley, and Shores, what is curriculum composed of?
A sequence of potential experiences set up in schools for disciplining children
How does Marsh and Willis view curriculum?
All the experiences planned by teachers and learned by students
What did David D.Armstrong (1989) identify as the purpose of curriculum?
To develop learners' behaviors and insights
'Written Curriculum' mainly consists of:
Documents, course of study, or syllabi for implementation
Explore various historical definitions of curriculum by Caswell, Campbell, Marsh, Willis, Smith, Stanley, and Shores. Gain insights into how these scholars have conceptualized curriculum over the years.
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