Historic Figures

Mahatma Gandhi

• Indian independence activist and leader
• Born: October 2, 1869, Porbandar, India
• Died: January 30, 1948, New Delhi, India
• Key role in India's struggle for independence from British rule
• Advocated for non-violent civil disobedience
• Led Salt March in 1930, a 24-day walk to protest British salt tax
• Assassinated in 1948

Abraham Lincoln

• 16th President of the United States
• Born: February 12, 1809, Kentucky, USA
• Died: April 15, 1865, Washington D.C., USA
• Led the country through the American Civil War (1861-1865)
• Issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, freeing slaves in Confederate states
• Strengthened federal government and ended slavery in the United States
• Assassinated in 1865

Winston Churchill

• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• Born: November 30, 1874, Blenheim Palace, UK
• Died: January 24, 1965, London, UK
• Led Britain through World War II (1940-1945)
• Famous for his speeches and oratory skills, including "We shall fight on the beaches"
• Played a key role in Allied victory in World War II
• Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953

Napoleon Bonaparte

• French military leader and Emperor
• Born: August 15, 1769, Ajaccio, Corsica
• Died: May 5, 1821, Longwood, Saint Helena
• Rose to power during French Revolution and became Emperor of France (1804-1815)
• Conquered much of Europe, but was eventually defeated at Waterloo (1815)
• Implemented many reforms, including the Napoleonic Code

Albert Einstein

• Theoretical physicist
• Born: March 14, 1879, Ulm, Germany
• Died: April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
• Developed the theory of relativity and the famous equation E=mc²
• Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921
• Contributed to the development of quantum mechanics and the photoelectric effect
• Advocated for peace, civil rights, and women's rights