Historia da Odontoloxía e Servizos Dentais

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Questions and Answers

Que función non desempeñan os hixienistas dentais en materia de saúde pública?

Practicar a educación sanitaria

Controlar medidas de prevención

Realizar tratamentos de cirurxía oral (correct)

Recoller datos sobre o estado da cavidade oral

Cal de seguintes funcións corresponde aos hixienistas dentais na súa faceta técnico-asistencial?

Facer radiografías sen licenza

Desinfectar e esterilizar o instrumental

Preparar orzamentos e facturas

Aplicar fluoruros tópicos (correct)

Que función non é típica dos auxiliares dentais?

Realizar exame de saúde bucodental (correct)

Controlar o equipamento e mobiliario

Limpar, desinfectar e esterilizar o instrumental

Acomodar aos pacientes

Cal é a principal responsabilidade do recepcionista en consultas grandes?

Xestionar e archivar expedientes Signup and view all the answers

Quen pode realizar radiografías dentais?

O hixienista dental con licenza de operador Signup and view all the answers

Cal é un dos labores que NON realizan os hixienistas dentais?

Recepcionista de pacientes Signup and view all the answers

Que responsabilidade ten un auxiliar dental?

Facilitar a visión e traballar a catro mans Signup and view all the answers

Que zona da clínica dental é específica para a comunicación entre o profesional e o paciente?

Despacho Signup and view all the answers

Que acción é parte das funcións dos auxiliares administrativos?

Elaborar orzamentos e facturas Signup and view all the answers

Que tipo de dispositivos de revelado non se utiliza en clínicas con radiovisiografía?

A zona de revelado Signup and view all the answers

Que clasificación fan de acordo a Galeno sobre os dentes?

Centrais, cuspídeos e molares Signup and view all the answers

Que impacto tivo a Idade Media no coñecemento odontolóxico?

O coñecemento odontolóxico quedou relegado aos mosteiros Signup and view all the answers

Cal é a función principal da zona de esterilización?

Esterilizar e empaquetar material Signup and view all the answers

Cando foron confeccionadas as primeiras próteses dentais completas?

En 1840 Signup and view all the answers

Que aspecto debe ter a sala de espera nunha clínica dental?

Transmitir tranquilidade e relaxación Signup and view all the answers

Que tipo de zona é o cuarto de compresores?

Zona insonorizada e refrixerada Signup and view all the answers

Que tipo de odontoloxía gañou terreo na década de 1990 segundo a OMS?

Odontoloxía preventiva Signup and view all the answers

Canto tempo non debería superar a espera dos pacientes na sala de espera?

20 minutos Signup and view all the answers

Que porcentaxe da poboación escolar pode sufrir carie dental?

Entre o 60% e o 90% Signup and view all the answers

Que función ten a zona de laboratorio en clínicas dentais?

Preparar materiais e realizar labores previas á intervención Signup and view all the answers

Que cambio produciuse nas clínicas odontolóxicas ao longo dos anos?

Convertéronse en centros con equipos de traballo e especialistas Signup and view all the answers

Que profesionais compoñen o equipo de saúde bucodental?

Odontólogos e enfermeiros Signup and view all the answers

Que elemento é indispensable na zona de esterilización?

Máquina autoclave Signup and view all the answers

Que declaración non é correcta sobre a odontoloxía moderna?

As intervencións son exclusivas para tratar enfermidades Signup and view all the answers

Cal é un dos pasos que se debe realizar ao comezo da xornada laboral no mantemento do equipo dental?

Verificar o estado das mangueiras de conexión. Signup and view all the answers

Que tarefa representa a inspección periódica dos equipos?

Verificar o funcionamento da xiringa de tripla función. Signup and view all the answers

Que compoñente debe ser lubricado de forma periódica como parte do mantemento?

As turbinas. Signup and view all the answers

Que se debe facer co material de desecho despois de cada tratamento?

Retirar o material e eliminar o que é dun só uso. Signup and view all the answers

Que acción non corresponde realizar antes de cada tratamento?

Desinfectar todas as ferramentas antes do uso. Signup and view all the answers

Que tarefa debería realizarse entre pacientes durante a xornada laboral?

Lubricar os compoñentes necesarios. Signup and view all the answers

Cales son as tarefas de mantemento que se deben realizar ao final da xornada?

Retirar todo material utilizado e limpar o equipo. Signup and view all the answers

Que tarefa non é parte do mantemento preventivo ou operatorio dos equipos?

Verificar a formación do persoal técnico. Signup and view all the answers

Que acción se debe realizar entre paciente e paciente no gabinete de saúde bucodental?

Limpar e desinfectar o equipo e as superficies. Signup and view all the answers

Que debemos verificar para garantir que os equipos están operativos?

Que o equipo e os instrumentos están disponibles. Signup and view all the answers

Que se debe facer antes de realizar a esterilización en turbinas e contraángulos?

Lubricar previamente os instrumentos. Signup and view all the answers

Cal é a importancia de seguir os protocolos de mantemento diario do material e equipos?

Asegura a eficacia e seguridade no tratamento. Signup and view all the answers

Que debe comprobar o persoal sobre os métodos de barreira?

Se son correctos e están en bo estado. Signup and view all the answers

Por que é necesario eliminar o material utilizado despois dunha intervención?

Para evitar a propagación de infeccións. Signup and view all the answers

Cal é o propósito de confirmar o correcto funcionamento da cadeira de brazos e da unidade dental?

Para garantir a eficacia no tratamento. Signup and view all the answers

Que rol ten o persoal nos prazos de revisión dos equipos e maquinaria?

Verificar que se axustan aos prazos establecidos. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

History of Dentistry

Galen recognized dental pain as an inflammation of the pulp or root
Medieval Era: Dental knowledge was relegated to monasteries & extraction was carried out by barbers.
Modern Era: Major advancements in medicine with the founding of universities in cities like Paris & Oxford
Leonardo da Vinci detailed dental anatomy.
1840: The first complete dentures were made of rubber.
Dentistry developed alongside modern medicine & experienced a boom in the 20th century

Dental Services and Clinics

World Health Organization (WHO) reported in 1990 on oral health in developed countries
Shift from interventional dentistry (restorative treatments, extractions) to preventive dentistry.
Currently, a coexistence of interventional and preventive dentistry
WHO estimates that 5 billion people worldwide suffer from dental caries
Dental caries affect 60-90% of schoolchildren and almost 100% of adults.
Clinics transitioned from family practices with one dentist to multi-professional centers with specialists and specialized areas.
Dentists specialized in different disciplines

Dental Team

Oral health team responsible for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.

Functions of Dental Hygienists

Collect data about oral conditions for clinical or epidemiological use
Provide individual and group health education on oral hygiene & dietary control for disease prevention
Monitor patient preventive measures
Conduct oral health examinations

Technical/Assistance Functions of Dental Hygienists

Apply topical fluorides in different forms
Apply and remove retracting cords
Apply fissure sealants using non-invasive techniques
Perform polishing filling, removing excesses
Apply and remove rubber dam
Remove dental calculus and stains and perform scaling & polishing
Perform radiography with a valid license

Auxiliary Dental Functions

Assist and collaborate with medical and dental professionals in other processes
Perform administrative functions such as scheduling and data recording

Dental Assistant

No recognized qualification, often filled by a nursing auxiliary.
Duties include:
- Accommodate patients
- Prepare and store materials
- Clean, disinfect & sterilize instruments
- Control equipment and furniture
- Assist with vision, tissue retraction, instrument exchange, and aspiration (four-handed dentistry)

Receptionist

Only in larger clinics.
Administrative role:
- Manage and file patient records
- Control appointments
- Create budgets & invoices
- Place orders
- Receive and discharge patients

Dentists are legally bound by professional secrecy
Informed consent is necessary before any treatment.
Patients must be fully informed about their condition and treatment options.
They must agree to the treatment with full understanding.

Equipments and Installations for Dental Practice

Sterilization Area: Ensures sterility and packaging of materials, equipment like sealing machine and autoclave.
Compressor Room: Soundproof and refrigerated area for compressors needed for dental equipment.
Storage Area: Stores all materials for the practice.
Radiography Area: Should be a shielded, light-proof area, usually connected to the dental office or in a separate area
- Digital radiography (radiovisiography): images are visualized on computers for processing.
- Manual development: Requires manual processing of films in developing liquids
- Automatic Development: Machines process films automatically
Desks: Primarily for communication between the professional and the patient, providing a relaxed atmosphere for answering questions.
Laboratory: Used in some offices for preliminary procedures, material preparation, model casting, mounting on articulator, storage of study models.
Non-Clinical Areas:
- Entrance, reception, and administration: Ideally close to the entrance, welcoming and easy to access.
- Waiting room: Comfortable and separate from the treatment area providing a relaxing atmosphere.

Maintenance of Dental Equipment

Dental hygienists are also responsible for maintaining dental equipement.

Preventive and Operational Maintenance

Regular tasks to ensure functionality and quality care:
- Periodic preventive & operational maintenance tasks.
- Inspections and verifications of equipment functionality.
- Replacement of defective or worn-out components.
- Tests to check equipment's operability by periodically inspecting equipment and components.
- Surface processing, equipment, and instrument cleaning, disinfection & sterilization.
- Simple maintenance, such as lubricating turbines, contra-angles, changing filters in the aspiration system, cuspidors, lamps.

Basic Maintenance

To be performed at the beginning, between patients, and at the end of the workday
- Begining:
- Dress in uniform
- Connect the compressor and close its drain valve
- Connect the general switch of the dental chair.
- Check the condition of the connection hoses & suction system.
- Check the suction system filter.
- Verify the proper operation of the triple function syringe, dental chair, and operating lamp.
- Start the turbine and micromotor for 30 seconds to remove lubricant.
- Cover surfaces of the dental equipment.
- Prepare a plastic bag and a container for sharps.
- Check the disinfectant container and prepare the solution if needed.
- Between Treatments:
- Remove all materials used with the patient.
- Dispose of single-use materials like bibs, towels, masks, caps.
- Follow sharps protocol
- End of day:
- Disconnect and maintain daily the materials and equipment

Operational Procedure and Risk Prevention

Procedures:
- Technique, equipment, instruments involved, sequence, operations, parameters to be controlled, auxiliary material, calibration.
- Risk Prevention:
  - Always confirm the correct functioning of the dental chair and unit.
  - Ensure the availability of necessary equipment, instruments, and materials.
  - Verifying the correct use of barrier methods and personal protective equipment.

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Description

Este cuestionario explora a evolución da odontoloxía desde a antigüidade ata a actualidade, destacando o papel desenvuelto por figuras como Galeno e Leonardo da Vinci. Tamén aborda os servizos dentais modernos e a transición cara a unha odontoloxía preventiva. A saúde bucal é fundamental para o benestar xeral, e esta proba avaliará os teus coñecementos sobre estes temas.