8 Questions
What is the main function of cartilage in the skeleton?
To provide mechanical and protective roles within the skeleton
What is the main component of the cartilage matrix that provides its shock-absorbing properties?
Sulfated GAGs on proteoglycans
What surrounds the cartilage and provides a vascular interface?
Perichondrium
What is the primary function of chondrocytes in cartilage?
To synthesize and maintain all ECM components
What is the characteristic of cartilage that allows it to guide the development and growth of long bones?
High concentration of GAGs and proteoglycans
What is the function of the perichondrium in relation to the cartilage?
To interface between the cartilage and the tissues supported by it
What is the characteristic of cartilage that allows it to provide cushioning and low-friction surfaces in joints?
High concentration of GAGs and proteoglycans
What is the type of cartilage that lacks perichondrium and is sustained by the synovial fluid?
Articular cartilage
Study Notes
Cartilage Tissue
- Tough, durable form of supporting connective tissue
- Composed of high concentrations of GAGs and proteoglycans in the ECM
- Supports softer tissues in the respiratory tract, ears, and nose
- Has mechanical and protective roles within the skeleton
- Provides cushioning and low-friction surfaces in joints
- Guides development and growth of long bones
Structure of Cartilage Matrix and Cells
- Chondrocytes make up a small percentage of the cartilage mass
- Chondrocytes are located in matrix cavities (lacunae)
- Chondrocytes synthesise and maintain all ECM components
- Physical properties of cartilage depend on bonds between type II collagen, hyaluronan, and sulfated GAGs on proteoglycans
- High content of bound water enables shock absorption
Characteristics of Cartilage
- Lacks blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves
- Surrounded by dense vascularised connective tissue (perichondrium)
- Chondrocytes receive nutrients by diffusion from capillaries in the perichondrium
- Perichondrium acts as an interface between the cartilage and supported tissues
- Articular cartilage lacks perichondrium and is sustained by the synovial fluid
Types of Cartilage
- Hyaline cartilage
- Elastic cartilage
Learn about the main features, histological structure, and functions of bone and cartilaginous tissues, including types of cartilage and bone, and their mechanisms.
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