Histology Flashcards

Batch 2023 CYH Quiz 2

• Ependyma cells secrete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
• Oligodendrocytes produce and maintain myelin in the central nervous system (CNS).
• T-tubules are located at the junction of the A and I bands in muscle tissue.
• Purkinje fibers are part of the heart's conduction system.
• A megakaryocyte is a hematopoietic cell.
• Skeletal muscle stains acidophilic when stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E).
• In multiple sclerosis, damage to white matter shows the area labeled "B".
• Collagen type 1 is most abundant in large veins.
• Arteries have a thicker media layer compared to veins.
• Astrocytes contribute to the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
• Allergies from cats and wool are associated with eosinophils.
• Being stung by a bee is associated with basophils.
• Caveolae are structures found in smooth muscle.
• Hormone Secretion is a function of adipose tissue.
• Cells with the most nuclei engulf bacteria.
• The image labeled "B" represents actin.
• The image identified as صورة represents an arteriole.
• The aorta has a fenestrated elastic lamina.
• The innermost and thinnest layer of the meninges is the pia mater.
• The image points to the tunica media.

Cytology Quiz 2 (2020)

• Erythrocytes are the most common cell found in the blood.
• The tunica media is a section of a blood vessel.
• A patient with tonsillitis will have abnormally high neutrophils in a WBC count.
• Muscular arteries and veins are distinguished by the internal elastic lamina in arteries.
• Type O blood is given in emergency blood transfusions.
• Purkinje fibers are modified cardiac muscle cells.
• Knee reflex tests assess the integrity of afferent and efferent neurons.
• The blood vessel longitudinal section in the middle of the image is an arteriole.
• Components of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are neuroglia and blood vessels.
• Bipolar neurons are found in the retina.
• The space between two Z discs is called a sarcomere.
• Schwann cells create the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system.
• Collagen type 1 is most abundant in the inferior vena cava.
• Gap junctions characterize smooth muscle.
• A parasitic infection leads to high levels of eosinophils in the blood.

Cytology and Histology Quiz 1 (Batch 2021)

• Plasma cells have nuclei not in the middle of the cytoplasm.
• Transitional epithelium is found in the urinary bladder.
• Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is found in the trachea.
• Dark cytoplasm staining with H & E staining indicates a structure is basophilic.
• Aneuploidy is a malfunction of the spindle fiber check point.
• Mitogenic Factors are involved in the restriction point of the cell cycle.
• Deparaffinization is the first step of staining.
• Loose connective tissue is found under epithelial tissue.
• Fibroblasts produce collagen.
• A nucleic acid probe is used to detect the presence of a gene in in situ hybridization.
• A transmission electron microscope is used to view a picture.
• Macrophages engulf bacteria.
• Mucous granules are PAS positive.
• Simple squamous epithelium is found in the renal corpuscle.
• There is a picture of Stratified Squamous.

Cytology and Histology Final (Batch 2021)

• Securin degradation occurs from metaphase to anaphase.

• This is an image of hyaline cartilage

• The arrangement of actin and myosin overlap happens in the A band.

• Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the CNS.

• Neutrophils fight bacterial infections.

• Lymphocyte count is high in COVID-19 patients.

• Sinusoidal capillaries are found in the liver.

• Troponin levels increase during a heart attack.

• Type of Bone = Compact bone can be seen in an image of of an osteon.

• Axons dominate white matter (nerve fibers).

• Megakaryocytes produce platelets.

• Basophils/eosinophils produce histamine.

• The structure labeled "2" in the picture is a myofibril.

• The blood vessel in the picture is an arteriole.

• Astrocytes are the neuroglial cell involved in the BBB.

• Formalin solution prevents autolysis.

• Endocrine glands have capillaries.

• The epiphyseal plate is important for child growth.

• Ependymal cells make up the central canal.

• Mitochondria produce ATP

• PAS stain shows carbohydrates.

• Pia matter is in direct contact with the white matter.

• The thyroid is an endocrine gland.

• Parotid glands produce numerous acini.

• Smooth muscle does not have troponin.

• Goblet cells are Lubricant cells.

• Platelets are responsible for blood coagulation.

• Pericytes are present in the area identified by the arrow.

• Sebaceous glands are involved in oil secretion.

• The gland shown in the image secretes via the apocrine method.

• A neuron with multiple dendrites and one cell body is multipolar.

• Structures near the chondrocytes to be supplied by blood vessels = Perichondrium

• The Aorta contains fenestrated elastic lamellae

• Mesenchymal cells immediately change to bone, which is intramembranous ossification.

• The blood vessel shown in the image = Arteriole

• Dense regular CT = tissue located in the tendon

• Interstitial lamellae are remains of osteons that are inside compact bone

• Microtubules are the structure identified at the tip of the Cilium

• Reticulocytes : cells that have no nucleus and no cytoplasmic organelles

• Stratified Squamous Non-keratinized is the tissue found within the Esophagus.

• Type of tissue = loose CT, and An arrow pointing on the elastic fibers.

• Elastic laminae provides elasticity.

• Megakaryocytes are the cell that releases Platelets.

• Simple Columnar in addition to Goblet cells are type of epithelium

• A Perineurium is different to an Enineurium.

• Type of bone = Ground Compact Bone, and the type of cell that it contains = Osteocytes

• The inter calculated discs is the function of Cardiac Muscle

• a Follicle describes the Thyroid gland.

• Eosinophil is the cell that functions as a defence against parasitic infection.

Batch 2023 CYH Final

• Sinusoidal capillaries have wide gaps between endothelial cells, allowing easy passage for blood cells.
• PAS stains Mucous granules.
• The spindle check-point checks for Spindles that are attached to kinetochores.
• Microvilli are what allows the intestines to absorb.
• Fibrocartilage is located in intervertebral discs.
• Mesenchymal stem cells turn IMMEDIATELY into bone via intramembranous ossification.
• Mesenchyme develops in intramembranous ossification.
• Nissl bodies are made of RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).
• Astrocytes contribute to the BBB (blood-brain barrier).
• Monocytes goes to the liver to form phagocytic cell.
• High Eosinophil levels can be a result of allergy from cats and wool.
• Dura matter = Thick layer of meninges
• Pancreas are Glands with both endocrine and exocrine functions.
• Cell leaves whole with secretion = description of holocrine action
• Oligodendrocytes form Myelin in the CNS.
• Lipids (oils) secrete from sebaceous gland.
• Dense irregular connective tissue develops and contributes most to the healing of the deep wound.
• Cartilage: tissue that is avascular
• Osteoclasts come from Hematopoietic stem cells
• Pituitary gland the endocrine gland.
• 2 (the H band) is the section that has myosin only w no actin
• The thick muscle fifer is called Myosin
• Triad = 2 terminal cisterna separated by t-tubule
• Arteriole = tissue that will be shown in Electron microscope image of B.V .
• Antibody = outcome of using Immunohistochemistry.
• The picture of a blood vessel depicts a venule.
• Transmissions electron microscope image
• Eosinophil = Bi-loped blood cell
• Platelets : what Picture of cell (megakaryocyte) which is producing.
• Muscular artery : a Vessel that contains 4 layers of smooth muscle
• Haversian system = what Concentric lamellae are arranged in?
• internal elastic lamina: what layer is shown using a picture pointing at internal elastic lamina with choices : internal elastic lamina, external elastic lamina, tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia.
• Loose connective tissue contains less collagen, but more cells.

More Notes

• Cardiac muscle cells are connected by end-to-end cellular junctions.
• Eosinophils have pinkish granules.
• Bipolar neurons are found in the retina.
• Muscle spindles are found in skeletal muscle tissue.
• Functional activity changes the shape of the nucleus on a picture of an arteriole pointing at 2 contracted smooth muscle nucleus
• What is the hormone secretion of pancreas? Islet cells
• The cells a picture reveals that are pale and nucleus did not show in between two areas are purkinje cells.
• Purkinje cells
• A Purkinje cell can be found at the tip of arrow located in the Cerebellum
• Haversian canal is inside the area with 8 that's connected to compact bone.
• A-name the tissue? Stratified squamous non-keratinized where is it found? Esophagus, vagina, anal canal
• Osteoblast which secretes Bone matrix(osteoid) shows the cell in at the end of an arrow.
• Plasma cells, their secretion are Antibodies
• Smooth muscle location : Lining of GI tract, near myenteric plexus.
• Large vein has Smooth muscle cells
• Demilune(mixed acinus) is at the tip of the arrow, Serous Secretion: pointing at serous acinus on example picture.
• (image of thyroid) is actually Follicle.
• gland (exocrine gland - simple tubular),what kind of cell lines the epithelium (gobelt cell)

CYH Midterm

• Chondrocytes need nutrients from the Perichondrium
• Perichondrium lines Hyaline cartilage.
• Osteoclasts is multinucleated
• the increased activity of osteoclast: reason why Postmenopausal woman has femur fracture and shows reduced bone density
• Menisci has a high amount of collagen type I
• Cell tissue = Pseudostratified with a picture of one shown
• Epithelium is tissue with little matrix and no blood vessels.
• Fibroblasts sythesize extracellular matrix.
• Osteoblast synthesizes organic matrix?
• Cyclin B and cdk 1 : are true about cdk and cyclins when going from G2 to mitosis?
• Dehydration comes after fixation.
• Articular cartilage is avascular.
• Ribosomes makes the cell basopilic
• a structure that Has brush border is the one that is pointed at the brush border.
• the product of ribosomes = nucleolus.
• Fibroblasts, what is the function? Synthesis of collagen

Even More

• periodic acid Schiff Glycogen in liver
• Mast cells are a type of cell
• glumerulus: Simple squamous epithelium
• Woven bone kind of bone found in intrauterine life
• interstitial lamellae = old remains of Haversian systems
• Haversion systems: what id found in compact bone and not in cancellous bone
• Epiphyseal plate part responsible for bone elongation
• Osteocyte is not capable of mitosis?
• External ear: location of elastic cartilage
• Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) have the ability that absorbs the most water?
• Hyaline cartilage is what gets replaced with bone during osteogenesis
• Dense irregular connective tissue = type of tissue in found in the dermis layer
• Mesenchyme cells : condenser during intramembranous ossification.

Practical Cytology

• Estragus is Stratified non-keratinized epithelium
• Trachea is A. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
• Dense irregular connective tissue is connected to Adipocytes
• Compact ground bone connects to an Osteocyte
• Urinary bladder includes Transitional epithelium.
• Synthesis of ECM/ collagen: when Dense regular connective tissue is around
• Collagen type I, its aroundLoose connective tissue
• A. Loose connective tissue is around Elastin fiber.
• Canaliculi/Gap junctions around. Compact bone
• Cartilage formation in found around chondroblast
• Chondrocyte is found around Mesenchyme/chondroblast/chondrogenic
• Osteoblast has Osteoprogenitor cell
• Epithelial cells = Simple cuboidal
• Chondrocytes: connected to Collagen type
• Hyaline cartilage has a Chondrocyte cell
• What comes after fixation? Dehydration
• The Protein regulating, Cell cycle progression = cyclin
• goblet cells in the respiratory tract- which type of cell is found there among the epithelium
• urinary bladder location of tissue with Many layers of cells and the superficial layer is like a dome
• Intramembranous ossification- Type of ossification where mesenchymal cells immediately become bone?
• . You have early embryonic bone and notice basophilic cells forming a layer around the eosinphilic matrix. There is small pale region in between the two which is paler = Osteoid
• Tendon is dominated by mainly collagen I.
• perichondrium Tracheal rings (cartilage) need nutrients from blood vessels, where are they
• Dense Irregular CT = slide with multiple collagen fibers going in random patterns and few cells, identify type of tissue
• Ribosomes what make a Cell that secretes lots of proteins that basophilic
• Elastic Connective tissue (??) =tissue shown when looking at Picture of aorta (microscope)
• You got a biopsy, what something you need to do immediately = Fixation.
• (Multiple questions they give a description of the tissue and ask you to identify it)
• Bone elongation = Significance of epiphyseal plate
• Osteoclats are the picture shown is
• Monocyte = what comes from Osteoclasts origin? go to connective tissue and then they become macrophage, and then macrophages fuse together to become osetoclasts.
• Compact ground bone = There was a picture of
• Antibodies = What Pic of plasma cell that secretes
• loose connective tissue= what's at the red fiber in the dense irregular (Collagen Type I
• ATP production : function of structure shown
• what is found int he Kidney - Cell on red arrow? Simple cuboidal
• (Image) Stratified Squamos Non-keratinized, one location where? esophagus
• Collagen type 1 = structure of (LOOSE CONNECTIVE )
• Chondrocytes - type of cell in HYALINE CARTILAGE
• Binds Epithelial cells proliferation
• Elastic Fibers arrow is pointing at
• Macrophage type of cell that's Phagocytosize
• Increasing surface area =specialization

CYH midterm 2022

• The nucleolus is what is responsible for ribosomes production
• Dehydration = next step after fixation?
• Mucus: Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stains
• Retinoblastoma Protein regulates the cell cycle restriction point?
• Epidermis the cell that goes under continuous renewal?
• basement membrane Collagen IV
• Simple columnar epithelium is the epithelium in the bronchioles?
• Urinary bladder has Transitional epithelium
• Zonula occludence is which Type of junctions that prevent the movement of molecules and foreign structures
• Glycosaminoglycans absorbs water the most?
• Osteoblasts are cells repsonible for the production of the bone Matrix
• Production of collagen + Extracellular components =Fibroblasts
• Macrophages re tissue fixed connective tissue cell:
• Spongy a type of one in the epipysis is shown
• B lymphocytes cell with ability to differentiate with Plasma
• Cartilage is avascular
• The meniscus is a structure with cartilage that has collagen type 1 fibers.
• Osteocytes one of the cells with no miosis ability
• Epiphyseal plate is responsible structure for bone elongation in woven bone
• Perichondrium- area where condrocytes obtain their nourishment from
• Proteoglycans what makes the space around the chondrocytes more basophilic
• Haversian systems = is present in compact bone but not in spongy bone
• Interstitial lamellae: old remains of old lamellae that were resorbed?
• A- what's in pic: type of cell Plasma secretes :antibodies (pics here may point to multiple types/locations so consider which type Qs are asked"
• A- pic Hole w/tissue: Loose connective shows type B-Arrow is pointing to:elastic
• A: Type of cells Simple squamous is shown in pic for pic on renal

Cytology Final 2020

• Picture of spinal cord points grey matter at D area
• RER responsible for the type of organelle responsible for secretory protein synthesis
• Osteoclasts are bone cells that originates with Hematopoietic stem sells or from a blood cells like monocytes
• which product gets secreted through from product going to Duct (exocrine)?
• Mmary gland - what gland that secretes in lipids, carbs, proteins

CYH Quiz 2 2021

• Actin represents "B" which is the EM (pics of thick and thin filaments) on graph
• Muscle fibres: located in Skeletal muscle
• location on point 5- picture of the graph: structure of of the heart by conduction : Purkinje fibers.
• What originated :Hemaypoitic stem sell: Osteoclast
• What epithelium ells to the cell moving of musus
• Cillia (NOT microvilli)What .
• white matter - where myelin sheath : Multiple screosis is shown by "B" on graph
• High eosinphils levels: result fro Parastic
• woven- the Bones is formed with inside the embryo.
• The graph of the cells : in age (image of osteon) = Compact
• Location in myelin production - the Location CNS region with Oligodendrocytes
• Pair of CNS resposible for the blood brain barrier: Astrocytes & Capillaries
• Fibroblast- During wound feeling, What cell helps with production of collagen? 13-Thrombocytes : helps to regulate coagulation
• Epiphyseal plate - Location of children that what cell is helped with the growth in what region during the elongation bones
• Function for Graph points to Neutrophil : what structure , function is for Phaglycosis and bacteria

CYH Quiz 1 - 2023

• Spindle to fiber attachment: what cells do in metaphase checkpoint
• Restriction point : type in the cell for cell size?
• Traechea Location: pseudostratified columnar epithelial
• Transitional cells - what type of cell in urinary bladder
• Stratifed squamos:cell taken from biopsy
• collagen skin stretched
• Plasma cells: picture of cells are there
• Denture regular connective tissue what cells used for used for tendon in?
• Loose connective tissue: type in demis papila _ Basopilic = what &E staining looks and cells is
• mitochondira staining,
• Spot Cells- in gap junctions
• Emmbedding what cell for infiltration
• what pararmal cells with what cell
• To produce collagen.

Final Exam-More

• Z discs get closer together when muscles do contraction.

• Cardiac muscle cell is the modified purkinje cells

• smooth muscle , what type pic

• Venule: type of image is one

• Microvilli structure is for small Intestine

• Osteoclast (Image)

• Memorize examples of the different glands (their names and what type they are). Lots questions related to it. Also "small artery (multiple layers of smooth muscle cells) capillary (no smooth musk cells, only sheers of endoth"

• small artery (Mulle layers

Of shoot muscle Cells) and is part of nerve fiber

• Arteriole 2-4 layers of the s,ooth of the cell

• stratified squamous epithelium (keratinized)What type of epithelium, (keratinzed

• Demilune- is the word at (he said al lite sip of the arrow)

• Follicle : arranged by cell

• Demieline (Demiline What type of Cell=Nenvi A- What is the cell at the the

• Lympahictic what is called A-nams