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Questions and Answers
Which component of the cell is considered nonliving and nonessential?
What is the study of tissues and their arrangement in organs called?
What model describes the structure of the cell membrane?
Which of the following is NOT classified as an organelle?
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Which of the following is a type of passive transport?
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What is the primary characteristic of the cell membrane?
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What distinguishes receptor-mediated endocytosis from other forms of endocytosis?
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What is the function of exocytosis?
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Study Notes
Histology
- Study of tissues and its arrangement to form organs
- Relies on microscopes
The Cell
- Eukaryotic
- Cytoplasm
- Hyaloplasm (cytosol)
- Clear colloid solution
- Contains:
- Enzymes
- Protein
- Nutrients
- Suspended bodies
- Organelles
- Inclusions
- Hyaloplasm (cytosol)
Organelles
- Living, organized, essential for cell function
- Membranous organelles
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondria
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- Lysosomes
- Non-membranous organelles
- Ribosomes
- Microtubules
- Filaments
Inclusions
- Nonliving, non-organized, non-essential for cell function
- Pigments
- Exogenous
- Dust
- Tattoo
- Endogenous
- Hemoglobin
- Melanin
- Exogenous
- Stored food
- Glycogen
- Fats
Cytoskeleton
- Microtubules
- Microfilaments
- Intermediate filaments
Cell Membrane (Plasma Lemma)
- Thinnest layer surrounding the cell (8-10nm)
- Light microscope: Can't be seen
- Electron microscope:
- Trilaminar (unit membrane)
- Outer electron dense
- Inner electron dense
- Intermediate electron lucent
- Trilaminar (unit membrane)
- Filamentous layer on the outer aspect: Cell coat
Fluid Mosaic Model of Cell Membrane
- Explains the membrane structure and function
Functions of the Cell Membrane
- Transport between intracellular and extracellular environments
- Passive transport
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion (channels)
- Active transport
- Pumps
- Against concentration gradient
- Requires ATP
- Bulk (vesicular) transport
- Endocytosis (intake)
- Exocytosis (release)
Endocytosis
- Engulfment of material from the external environment
- Phagosome
- Vesicle containing solid material
- Lysosome
- Digests material within the vesicle
- Pinocytosis
- Takes in fluids
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis
- Specific binding of molecules before uptake
Exocytosis
- Fusion of vesicles with the cell membrane and release of contents into the extracellular fluid
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Description
Test your knowledge on histology and the complex structures of eukaryotic cells. Explore the arrangement of tissues, organelles, and various inclusions that are essential for cell function. Understand how these components work together to form living organisms.
