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Questions and Answers
Which component of the cell is considered nonliving and nonessential?
Which component of the cell is considered nonliving and nonessential?
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Inclusions (correct)
- Mitochondria
- Lysosomes
What is the study of tissues and their arrangement in organs called?
What is the study of tissues and their arrangement in organs called?
- Cytology
- Histology (correct)
- Pathology
- Anatomy
What model describes the structure of the cell membrane?
What model describes the structure of the cell membrane?
- Unit membrane model
- Fluid mosaic model (correct)
- Lipid bilayer model
- Phospholipid monolayer model
Which of the following is NOT classified as an organelle?
Which of the following is NOT classified as an organelle?
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Which of the following is a type of passive transport?
Which of the following is a type of passive transport?
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What is the primary characteristic of the cell membrane?
What is the primary characteristic of the cell membrane?
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What distinguishes receptor-mediated endocytosis from other forms of endocytosis?
What distinguishes receptor-mediated endocytosis from other forms of endocytosis?
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What is the function of exocytosis?
What is the function of exocytosis?
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Study Notes
Histology
- Study of tissues and its arrangement to form organs
- Relies on microscopes
The Cell
- Eukaryotic
- Cytoplasm
- Hyaloplasm (cytosol)
- Clear colloid solution
- Contains:
- Enzymes
- Protein
- Nutrients
- Suspended bodies
- Organelles
- Inclusions
- Hyaloplasm (cytosol)
Organelles
- Living, organized, essential for cell function
- Membranous organelles
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondria
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- Lysosomes
- Non-membranous organelles
- Ribosomes
- Microtubules
- Filaments
Inclusions
- Nonliving, non-organized, non-essential for cell function
- Pigments
- Exogenous
- Dust
- Tattoo
- Endogenous
- Hemoglobin
- Melanin
- Exogenous
- Stored food
- Glycogen
- Fats
Cytoskeleton
- Microtubules
- Microfilaments
- Intermediate filaments
Cell Membrane (Plasma Lemma)
- Thinnest layer surrounding the cell (8-10nm)
- Light microscope: Can't be seen
- Electron microscope:
- Trilaminar (unit membrane)
- Outer electron dense
- Inner electron dense
- Intermediate electron lucent
- Trilaminar (unit membrane)
- Filamentous layer on the outer aspect: Cell coat
Fluid Mosaic Model of Cell Membrane
- Explains the membrane structure and function
Functions of the Cell Membrane
- Transport between intracellular and extracellular environments
- Passive transport
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion (channels)
- Active transport
- Pumps
- Against concentration gradient
- Requires ATP
- Bulk (vesicular) transport
- Endocytosis (intake)
- Exocytosis (release)
Endocytosis
- Engulfment of material from the external environment
- Phagosome
- Vesicle containing solid material
- Lysosome
- Digests material within the vesicle
- Pinocytosis
- Takes in fluids
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis
- Specific binding of molecules before uptake
Exocytosis
- Fusion of vesicles with the cell membrane and release of contents into the extracellular fluid
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