Histological Technique Overview
37 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the ideal size for tissue after grossing?

  • 30mm x 15mm x 5mm
  • 20mm x 15mm x 5mm (correct)
  • 25mm x 20mm x 10mm
  • 15mm x 10mm x 5mm

    • Which of the following steps is NOT part of the grossing process?

  • Staining of tissue samples (correct)
  • Avoid specimen trauma
  • Prepare thin slices
  • Check fixation status

    • What is the main purpose of decalcification?

  • To prepare tissue for staining
  • To enhance tissue color
  • To remove Calcium ions from tissue (correct)
  • To fix the tissue samples

    • Which of the following is a preferred fixation method for decalcification?

    <p>10% Formalin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following agents is commonly used for decalcification?

    <p>Acetic Acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a criterion for a good decalcifying agent?

    <p>Absence of damage to tissue cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'grossing' refer to in histopathology?

    <p>Investigating and measuring the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is primarily selected for the decalcification process?

    <p>Bone and calcified tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the specimen receiving room in a Histopathology Lab?

    <p>To receive samples safely and securely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in the tissue preparation process involves using a chemical to preserve the tissue structure?

    <p>Fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked during the receiving of biopsy specimens?

    <p>Whether it is in a Fixative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of improper labeling of specimens in histopathological techniques?

    <p>Incorrect diagnosis and potential danger to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a criterion for rejecting a specimen?

    <p>Presence of patient details on both forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the registration of specimens, which information is typically NOT recorded?

    <p>Patient’s Social Security Number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What step follows the 'Clearing' process in the preparation of tissue for microscopy?

    <p>Impregnation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the physical examination of large tissue specimens?

    <p>It requires documentation of dimensions and characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle behind the electrolytic method of decalcification by electrophoresis?

    <p>Attracting Ca++ ions to a negative electrode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method of chemical neutralization during the decalcification process?

    <p>Soaking in saturated lithium carbonate solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is thorough washing of tissue essential before processing?

    <p>To remove any acidic or alkaline residues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is the most reliable for determining the end-point of decalcification?

    <p>Radiography of the tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the bubble test (CO2 method) indicate during decalcification?

    <p>Reaction of acids with calcium carbonate in bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT recommended for determining the end-point of decalcification?

    <p>Needling to feel for calcium deposits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding physical tests for determining decalcification end-point?

    <p>They can produce damage and artefacts in tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when decalcified tissues are exposed to decalcifying fluids for too long?

    <p>Adverse effects on the tissue structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using Zenker's Fluid?

    <p>It needs to be preserved in a nickel alloy bottle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fixative is known for its ability to rapidly penetrate tissues?

    <p>Bouin’s Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using Helly’s Fluid?

    <p>It preserves nuclear structures effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fixatives is known to lyse red blood cells?

    <p>Bouin’s Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of adding glacial acetic acid to Zenker's Fluid before use?

    <p>To initiate the fixation process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of tissue fixation in histopathology?

    <p>To preserve the cell's original form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended volume of fixative relative to the volume of tissue for proper fixation?

    <p>15-20 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of fixation involves immersing tissue in a fixative?

    <p>Immersion Fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum temperature at which fixation can be performed in case of emergency?

    <p>60 degrees C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a chemical method of fixation?

    <p>Heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is primarily used for blood smears during fixation?

    <p>Spray Fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common duration required for the fixation process?

    <p>12 to 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the outcomes of proper fixation in histopathology?

    <p>Devitalization of infectious agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Histopathology Overview

    • Histopathological Technique studies tissue structures in diseases.
    • Specimens originate from surgeries, biopsies, and autopsies in various forms.

    Tissue Preparation Steps

    • Receiving, grossing, decalcification (if necessary), fixation, dehydration, clearing, impregnation, blocking, section cutting, staining, and mounting are critical processes for microscopy.

    Specimen Receiving Room

    • Ensures safe and secure intake of samples.
    • Biopsy specimens must be checked for fixatives, tissue presence, patient info, and physical attributes.

    Steps for Receiving Biopsy Specimens

    • Verify presence of fixative and tissue.
    • Document patient details (name, age, sex, diagnosis) in a clinical report book.
    • Proper labeling of specimens is essential to avoid diagnosis errors.

    Criteria for Rejecting Specimens

    • Inconsistent patient details between requisition and specimen labels.
    • Unspecified site/nature of specimen.
    • Incorrect containers or lack of appropriate fixatives.
    • Missing patient history or essential content in blocks/slides.

    Types of Specimens

    • Surgical Biopsy, Needle Biopsy, Endoscopy Biopsy, Incision Biopsy, Excision Biopsy, Punch Biopsy, Cone Biopsy.

    Grossing Techniques

    • Grossing involves inspecting, measuring, and sectioning tissue samples.
    • Ideal size for processing is approximately 20mm x 15mm x 5mm.

    Requirements for Grossing

    • Necessary tools include various scissors, forceps, scalpels, weighing scales, cassettes, and disinfectants.

    Decalcification Process

    • Essential for removing calcium ions from calcified tissues to allow proper sectioning.
    • Must avoid damage to tissue cells and fibers.

    Good Decalcifying Agents Characteristics

    • Must ensure complete calcium removal without damaging tissue.
    • Should not impair staining and offer reasonable decalcification speed.

    Decalcification Procedure

    • Involves selection, fixation, decalcification, neutralization of acids, and thorough washing.

    Fixation Overview

    • Fixation preserves tissue morphology; critical for accurate histopathological preparation.
    • Tissues must be fixed immediately post-surgery to prevent autolysis or putrefaction.

    Fixative Quantity and Process

    • Fixative volume must be 15-20 times that of the tissue; fixation takes 12-24 hours at room temperature.

    Purposes of Fixation

    • Prevents autolysis and putrefaction.
    • Preserves tissue for future studies and enhances staining.

    Common Fixatives

    • Aldehydes (e.g., formaldehyde), protein denaturants (e.g., alcohol), oxidizing agents (e.g., osmium tetroxide).
    • Various fixation techniques include immersion, vapor, microwave, and perfusion.

    Specific Fixatives and Their Characteristics

    • Formalin (10%): Cheap, preserves most tissues well, but can be allergenic.
    • Zenker’s Fluid: Excellent nuclear preservation, but penetrates minimally and is expensive.
    • Bouin’s Fluid: Rapid penetration; preserves glycogen but risks red cell lysis if overexposed.
    • Helly’s Fluid: Preserves nuclear structures, facilitating staining but has limited penetration.

    Overview of Additional Fixatives

    • Baker’s Solution, Orth's fluid, Carnoy’s fluid also used in various scenarios for tissue fixation.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz covers the essential steps involved in histopathological techniques, focusing on how tissue specimens are prepared for microscopy. Topics include specimen receiving, grossing, decalcification, fixation, and dehydration. Understanding these techniques is crucial for students in biology and medical fields.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser