Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three bones that make up the pelvic ring?
What are the three bones that make up the pelvic ring?
What movement is primarily achieved through the contraction of the rectus abdominis muscle?
What movement is primarily achieved through the contraction of the rectus abdominis muscle?
Which anatomical feature is NOT associated with the pelvic ring?
Which anatomical feature is NOT associated with the pelvic ring?
Which statement accurately describes femoral anteversion?
Which statement accurately describes femoral anteversion?
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What is the closed pack position of the hip joint?
What is the closed pack position of the hip joint?
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What anatomical feature is located at the front of the pelvis and is easier to palpate?
What anatomical feature is located at the front of the pelvis and is easier to palpate?
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Which muscle is primarily connected between the lower extremity and the axial spine?
Which muscle is primarily connected between the lower extremity and the axial spine?
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What is the primary reason the femur has a medial course rather than going straight down?
What is the primary reason the femur has a medial course rather than going straight down?
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What anatomical feature provides the necessary distance between the femur's head and the bone's long axis?
What anatomical feature provides the necessary distance between the femur's head and the bone's long axis?
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What anatomical term describes the rotation of the femoral head occurring anteriorly within the acetabulum?
What anatomical term describes the rotation of the femoral head occurring anteriorly within the acetabulum?
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What is the potential consequence of constant inward rotation of the hip due to excessive anteversion?
What is the potential consequence of constant inward rotation of the hip due to excessive anteversion?
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What structure is important for identifying segments of the spine while palpating the iliac crest?
What structure is important for identifying segments of the spine while palpating the iliac crest?
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What happens to the head of the femur during the first stages of development?
What happens to the head of the femur during the first stages of development?
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Which part of the femur is known for its bony prominence that can be palpated on the hip?
Which part of the femur is known for its bony prominence that can be palpated on the hip?
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What condition might necessitate surgical correction due to excessive anteversion?
What condition might necessitate surgical correction due to excessive anteversion?
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Study Notes
Hip Anatomy
- The pelvis is composed of the ilium, pubis, and ischium.
- The ilium, ischium, and pubis form the pelvic ring.
- The pubic symphysis connects the two innominates (one side of the pelvis).
- The iliac crest is located on the upper edge of the ilium and its location lines up with the L4 or L4-L5 vertebrae.
- The acetabulum is composed of the ilium, ischium, and pubis
- The femur is the longest bone in the body and has a slight medial orientation.
Femoral Anteversion
- Femoral anteversion is the angle of the femoral head in the acetabulum.
- Newborns have approximately 40 degrees of femoral anteversion.
- Most cases of femoral anteversion resolve on their own without surgery.
- Excessive anteversion can be diagnosed when the angle of the femoral head is between 20 - 40 degrees and often requires surgery
- A common compensatory strategy for excessive anteversion is toeing in, where the foot rotates medially.
- The toe-in technique causes the tibia and femur to rotate internally.
The Closed Pack Position of the Hip
- The closed-pack position of the hip is based on ligament orientation, not maximum joint congruence.
- The closed pack position of the hip is extension, abduction, and internal rotation.
- In extension, the iliofemoral ligament becomes taut.
- In extension and internal rotation, the ischiofemoral ligament tightens.
- In extension and abduction, the pubofemoral ligament is pulled taut.
- The position of maximum congruency of the hip is flexion, abduction, and external rotation.
- This position is used in the Pavlik harness to treat hip dysplasia in infants.
Osteokinematics of the Hip
- The hip joint has motion in three planes: sagittal, frontal, and horizontal.
- Osteokinematic movements of the hip joint include flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and internal rotation and external rotation.
- Pelvic-on-femoral motion is termed as anterior and posterior pelvic tilt.
- Femoral-on-pelvic motion is termed as flexion and extension.
Arthrokinematics of the Hip
- The hip joint follows the concave-on-convex rule for arthrokinematic movements.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in hip anatomy, including the structure of the pelvis and the femur. It also explores femoral anteversion, its angle in newborns, and the implications for treatment. Test your knowledge on these important aspects of human anatomy.
