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Questions and Answers
Which script is used to write Hindi?
Which script is used to write Hindi?
What is the typical word order in Hindi?
What is the typical word order in Hindi?
How many genders do Hindi nouns have?
How many genders do Hindi nouns have?
What is the classification of Hindi verbs based on tense?
What is the classification of Hindi verbs based on tense?
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What is the function of the ablative case in Hindi?
What is the function of the ablative case in Hindi?
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What is the purpose of the honorific system in Hindi?
What is the purpose of the honorific system in Hindi?
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How many consonant letters are there in the Devanagari script?
How many consonant letters are there in the Devanagari script?
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What is a characteristic of Hindi compound words and phrases?
What is a characteristic of Hindi compound words and phrases?
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Study Notes
Hindi Grammar
Script and Orthography
- Hindi is written in the Devanagari script, which is also used for other languages like Sanskrit, Marathi, and Nepali.
- The script consists of 47 consonant letters, 14 vowel symbols, and 1 anusvara (a dot above a letter).
Word Order
- Hindi typically follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order.
- However, the word order can be flexible and change depending on the context and emphasis.
Nouns
- Hindi nouns have two genders: masculine and feminine.
- Nouns can be classified into two categories: animate and inanimate.
- Nouns have two numbers: singular and plural.
Verbs
- Hindi verbs are inflected for tense, mood, voice, person, and number.
- There are three main tenses: present, past, and future.
- Verbs can be classified into two categories: finite and non-finite.
Tenses
- Present tense:
- Simple present: used for habitual actions
- Continuous present: used for ongoing actions
- Past tense:
- Simple past: used for completed actions
- Imperfect past: used for ongoing actions in the past
- Perfect past: used for completed actions with a connection to the present
- Future tense:
- Simple future: used for future actions
- Future continuous: used for ongoing actions in the future
Case System
- Hindi has a complex case system with eight cases:
- Nominative (subject)
- Accusative (direct object)
- Genitive (possessor)
- Dative (indirect object)
- Ablative (means or instrument)
- Genitive-ablative (possessor or means)
- Locative (location)
- Vocative (address)
Other Features
- Hindi has a system of honorifics, which are used to show respect to the listener or the person being addressed.
- Hindi has a rich system of compound words and phrases.
Hindi Grammar
Script and Orthography
- Hindi is written in the Devanagari script, which is also used for Sanskrit, Marathi, and Nepali.
- The script consists of 47 consonant letters, 14 vowel symbols, and 1 anusvara.
Word Order
- Hindi follows a typical Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order.
- The word order can be flexible and change depending on the context and emphasis.
Nouns
- Hindi nouns have two genders: masculine and feminine.
- Nouns are classified into two categories: animate and inanimate.
- Nouns have two numbers: singular and plural.
Verbs
- Hindi verbs are inflected for tense, mood, voice, person, and number.
- There are three main tenses: present, past, and future.
- Verbs are classified into two categories: finite and non-finite.
Tenses
Present Tense
- Simple present is used for habitual actions.
- Continuous present is used for ongoing actions.
Past Tense
- Simple past is used for completed actions.
- Imperfect past is used for ongoing actions in the past.
- Perfect past is used for completed actions with a connection to the present.
Future Tense
- Simple future is used for future actions.
- Future continuous is used for ongoing actions in the future.
Case System
- Hindi has a complex case system with eight cases.
- Nominative case is used for the subject.
- Accusative case is used for the direct object.
- Genitive case is used for the possessor.
- Dative case is used for the indirect object.
- Ablative case is used for the means or instrument.
- Genitive-ablative case is used for the possessor or means.
- Locative case is used for the location.
- Vocative case is used for address.
Other Features
- Hindi has a system of honorifics to show respect to the listener or the person being addressed.
- Hindi has a rich system of compound words and phrases.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Hindi grammar, including script and orthography, word order, and nouns. Learn about the Devanagari script, SOV word order, and more!
