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Questions and Answers
किस युग में भारतीय साहित्य की उत्कृष्टता दिखाई दी गई थी?
किस युग में भारतीय साहित्य की उत्कृष्टता दिखाई दी गई थी?
कौन-कौन से कवि ने संस्कृत में रचनाएँ की थी जिनसे हिंदी साहित्य पर प्रभाव पड़ा?
कौन-कौन से कवि ने संस्कृत में रचनाएँ की थी जिनसे हिंदी साहित्य पर प्रभाव पड़ा?
किस सम्राट के काल में हिन्दी साहित्य में कलिदास का योगदान हुआ?
किस सम्राट के काल में हिन्दी साहित्य में कलिदास का योगदान हुआ?
कौन-कौन से कवि संस्कृत में रचना करने वाले थे?
कौन-कौन से कवि संस्कृत में रचना करने वाले थे?
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किन-किन को कहा जाता है 'महाकवि'?
किन-किन को कहा जाता है 'महाकवि'?
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'रघुवंश' और 'मेघदूत' कौन-कौन से महत्वपूर्ण काव्य हैं?
'रघुवंश' और 'मेघदूत' कौन-कौन से महत्वपूर्ण काव्य हैं?
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किस लेखक ने कहानी 'इदगाह' के माध्यम से यथार्थवादी लेखन की शुरुआत की?
किस लेखक ने कहानी 'इदगाह' के माध्यम से यथार्थवादी लेखन की शुरुआत की?
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किस काव्यकार ने आधुनिक रूप की परीक्षा के साथ सामाजिक और राजनीतिक विषयों पर अपने काव्य और प्रोस के माध्यम से चर्चा की?
किस काव्यकार ने आधुनिक रूप की परीक्षा के साथ सामाजिक और राजनीतिक विषयों पर अपने काव्य और प्रोस के माध्यम से चर्चा की?
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कौन सा लेखक 'हजार चौरासी की माँ' के महत्वपूर्ण साहित्यिक योगदान के लिए प्रसिद्ध है?
कौन सा लेखक 'हजार चौरासी की माँ' के महत्वपूर्ण साहित्यिक योगदान के लिए प्रसिद्ध है?
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'अर्ध सत्य', 'हजार चौरासी की माँ', और 'गर्फेलतन सर्कल' किस प्रकार महत्वपूर्ण मनोरंजन हैं?
'अर्ध सत्य', 'हजार चौरासी की माँ', और 'गर्फेलतन सर्कल' किस प्रकार महत्वपूर्ण मनोरंजन हैं?
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'मुंशी प्रेमचंद' का किस कहानी से सहमति है?
'मुंशी प्रेमचंद' का किस कहानी से सहमति है?
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Study Notes
Hindi Class 12: Exploring Hindi Literature
As you embark on your Hindi Class 12 journey, you'll find that Hindi literature becomes a captivating world filled with stories, poetry, and drama. This section of your academic journey will expose you to a rich tapestry of literary works that not only hone your language skills but also introduce you to the cultural heritage of India.
Classical Period (Adi Granth to Mahakavi Kalidasa)
The roots of Hindi literature stretch back to ancient texts such as the Adi Granth, where the 15th-century poet Guru Nanak Dev composed verses in Hindi. Around the same period, Bhartruhari and Dandin penned works in Sanskrit, which later influenced Hindi literature. The reign of Emperor Vikramaditya saw the flourishing of literature, with poets like Kalidasa composing timeless works such as "Raghuvansha" and "Meghdoot." These foundational texts provide a bedrock for understanding the evolution of Hindi literature.
Medieval Period (From Bhavabhuti to Tulsidas)
Medieval Hindi literature is marked by the emergence of bhakti poets like Kabir, Surdas, and Tulsidas. Their compositions, such as "Kabir Granthavali," "Sursagar," and "Ramcharitmanas," are celebrated for their devotion to Hindu deities. Bhavabhuti's works, such as "Uttar Ramacharit," also contributed to the development of Hindi literature during this period.
Early Modern Period (From Mohanlal to Premchand)
The early modern period witnessed the rise of prose and drama in Hindi literature. Notable figures like Mohanlal and Keshavdas left a lasting impact with their literary contributions. The realist approach to writing emerged with Munshi Premchand's works, such as "Idgah," which continue to resonate with readers today.
Late Modern Period (From Amrit Rai to Amrita Pritam)
A new wave of poetry and prose emerged in the late modern period, characterized by social and political themes. Poets like Amrit Rai and Amrita Pritam experimented with modern forms, challenging traditional norms and conventions. Their works, such as "Ek Chider Ke Dwar" and "Ajj Aakhaan Waris Shah Nu," are recognized for their unique literary merit.
Contemporary Hindi Literature
In contemporary Hindi literature, authors continue to explore new themes and experiment with forms. Notable figures like Bhisham Sahani, Mahashweta Devi, and Uday Prakash have made significant contributions to the genre. Their works, such as "Ardh Satya," "Hazaar Chaurasi Ki Maa," and "Gerfeltan Circle," have been celebrated for their literary excellence and social relevance.
Examination Curriculum
In Hindi Class 12, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) offer a comprehensive curriculum, covering a range of literary works in Hindi, including poetry, prose, and drama. The texts selected for study provide a well-rounded understanding of Hindi literature's evolution and the cultural and social contexts in which they were created.
Conclusion
Hindi Class 12 offers a rich and rewarding exploration of Hindi literature, providing you with a deep understanding of the genre's evolution and the cultural and social contexts that shaped it. By engaging with these literary works, you'll not only improve your language skills but also gain a deeper appreciation for the complex and diverse tapestry of Indian culture. So, as you delve into this enthralling world of Hindi literature, be prepared to have your imagination sparked and your perspectives broadened.
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Description
Explore the rich world of Hindi literature in your Hindi Class 12 journey, from classical to contemporary periods. Test your knowledge on prominent literary figures, works, and historical contexts in Hindi literature.
