High-Risk Infants and Reflex Development

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Questions and Answers

Which maternal factor is NOT considered a demographic social factor that defines an infant as high risk?

Maternal age 40 years

Previous cesarean delivery (correct)

Unmarried status

Poverty

What is the duration of the palmar grasp reflex after birth?

6-7 months postnatal

1 month postnatal

2-3 months postnatal (correct)

4-5 months postnatal

At what gestational age does the rooting reflex fully develop?

28 weeks

36 weeks (correct)

40 weeks

32 weeks

Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as part of the past medical history factors that define an infant as high risk?

Asthma Signup and view all the answers

During which period of growth does organogenesis primarily occur?

Embryo stage Signup and view all the answers

When does the parachute reflex begin in infants?

7-8 months postnatal Signup and view all the answers

What age range defines early adolescence?

10 to 13 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the zygote stage during prenatal development?

Implantation in the uterine wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of development during the neonatal period?

Basic survival functions Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the toddler stage of development?

Language acquisition and increased independence Signup and view all the answers

During which developmental period do children typically face the 'terrible twos'?

Toddler Signup and view all the answers

Which stage includes both late fetal development and the transition to life outside the womb?

Perinatal period Signup and view all the answers

What significant changes occur during early adolescence?

Onset of puberty and rapid physical growth Signup and view all the answers

What defines the middle adolescence period?

Exploration of identity and increased peer influence Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental stage is characterized by cognitive and physical development and critical thinking skills?

School-Age Child Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the late adolescence stage?

Transition into more defined social roles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Factors Defining High-Risk Infants

Demographic Social Factors: Maternal age of 40 years, usage of illicit drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes, poverty, unmarried status, and exposure to emotional or physical stress increase infant risk.
Past Medical History: Conditions such as genetic disorders, diabetes, hypertension, asymptomatic bacteriuria, rheumatologic illnesses, immune-mediated diseases, and long-term medication use heighten the risk for infants.

Timing of Primitive Reflexes

Palmar Grasp: Onset at 28 weeks gestation, fully developed by 32 weeks, lasts 2-3 months postnatal.
Rooting Reflex: Begins at 32 weeks gestation, fully developed by 36 weeks, becomes less prominent after 1 month postnatal.
Moro Reflex: Onset between 28-32 weeks gestation, fully developed by 37 weeks, persists for 5-6 months postnatal.
Tonic Neck Reflex: Onset at 35 weeks gestation, fully developed by 1 month postnatal, lasts 3-4 months postnatal.
Parachute Reflex: Begins at 7-8 months postnatal, fully developed by 10-11 months, remains throughout life.

Periods of Growth

Prenatal Period:
- Zygote: 0 to 14 days of gestation; fertilized egg’s journey to and implantation in the uterus.
- Embryo: 3 weeks to 8 weeks of gestation; organogenesis occurs, laying the foundation for major body structures.
- Fetus: 9 weeks to birth; characterized by rapid growth and organ maturation.
- Perinatal Period: 22 weeks of gestation to 7 days after birth; focuses on the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life.
Postnatal Period:
- Newborn (Neonate): First 4 weeks post-birth; neonates learn essential survival skills.
- Infancy: First year marked by rapid growth and early cognitive development.
- Toddler: Ages 1 to 3 years; development of motor skills and language, often marked by behavioral outbursts.
- Preschool Child: Ages 3 to 6 years; refinement of skills, imaginative play, and early social interactions.
- School-Age Child: Ages 6 to 12 years; steady cognitive and physical development, critical thinking, and social relationship building.
Adolescence:
- Early Adolescence: Ages 10 to 13 years; onset of puberty and emotional changes.
- Middle Adolescence: Ages 14 to 16 years; further physical maturation and identity exploration.
- Late Adolescence: Ages 17 to 19 years; final stages of growth and transition into adulthood and defined social roles.

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Description

This quiz explores factors that define high-risk infants, including demographic and medical history aspects. It also covers the timing of primitive reflexes, detailing their onset, development, and duration postnatally. Enhance your understanding of neonatal care and development!