Heredity and Evolution Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

  • Structural support
  • Protein synthesis (correct)
  • Storage of carbohydrates
  • Lipid transportation
  • Which type of ribosome is found in prokaryotes?

  • 60S
  • 80S
  • 70S (correct)
  • 90S
  • What is the Golgi Apparatus primarily responsible for?

  • Generating energy
  • Protein synthesis
  • Transporting and packaging proteins (correct)
  • Storing carbohydrates
  • What type of structures compose the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Filamentous protein structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do microbodies contain that can be visualized only under an electron microscope?

    <p>Enzymes and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between cilia and flagella?

    <p>Cilia aid in moving the cell or extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is involved in the storage of oils and fats?

    <p>Elaioplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Svedberg unit (S) associated with in ribosomes?

    <p>The size and density of ribosomal subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vacuoles in cells?

    <p>Storing food, nutrients, and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is common to both cilia and flagella?

    <p>Basal body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the structures of eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella?

    <p>Eukaryotic flagella contain a central axoneme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the triplets in the structure of centrioles composed of?

    <p>Peripheral fibrils of tubulin protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do centrioles play during cell division?

    <p>They generate spindle fibres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the arrangement of microtubules in the axoneme of flagella?

    <p>Nine pairs of peripheral microtubules with central microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are radial spokes in the context of flagella's structure?

    <p>They connect central microtubules to peripheral pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the cell membrane?

    <p>A double membrane of lipids and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of histones in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>They facilitate the structure of chromatin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of heterochromatin?

    <p>Regions with lower transcriptional activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which histone protein is known to be very rich in lysine and has a molecular weight of 21,500?

    <p>H1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes exist as thin, coiled, thread-like structures?

    <p>Interphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do non-histone proteins differ from histones in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>They assist in DNA and RNA synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

    <p>Photosynthesis using chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is known as the 'Power House of The Cell'?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of lysosomes in a cell?

    <p>Digestion and waste removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular structure is involved in detoxification and lipid production?

    <p>Endoplasmic Reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nucleus within a cell?

    <p>Controls cell activity and genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance primarily composes the cytoplasm of a cell?

    <p>A jelly-like solution of water and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are plastids primarily involved in?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Intracellular transport and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant reason that cells remain small in size?

    <p>To maintain a favorable surface area to volume ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are involved in cell movement for prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Flagella made of flagellin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell division do eukaryotic cells typically undergo?

    <p>Mitosis and meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes eukaryotic chromosomes from prokaryotic chromosomes?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells usually have more than one chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ribosomes differ between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Prokaryotic ribosomes consist of 50S and 30S subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about organelles in prokaryotic cells is accurate?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bounded structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are eukaryotic cells generally larger than prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Larger volume supports more complex functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary chromosomes that control somatic characteristics in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Autosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of structures are absent in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Membrane-bounded organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the chromosome number in gametes?

    <p>Haploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding allosomes?

    <p>They determine sex in some organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symmetrical structures of a chromosome at mitotic metaphase known as?

    <p>Chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the thin filaments representing chromatids in early stages of condensation?

    <p>Chromonema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you call the non-genetic materials surrounding the chromosome, found at metaphase?

    <p>Matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sets of chromosomes do diploid cells contain?

    <p>Two sets (2n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements incorrectly describes the function of the centromere?

    <p>It appears during anaphase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Heredity and Evolution

    • Heredity is the passing of genetic information from one generation to the next.
    • Genetic information is passed through genes, which are segments of DNA.
    • Heritable traits are characteristics that can be passed from parents to offspring. These include physical, physiological, behavioral traits and disease susceptibility.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of heredity and evolution with this quiz. Explore key concepts such as genetic information, genes, and heritable traits. See how well you can identify the mechanisms behind the transfer of traits from parents to offspring.

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