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Hemostasis in Blood and Lymphatic System - II Quiz
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Hemostasis in Blood and Lymphatic System - II Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the three sequential events that prevent blood loss from an injured blood vessel?

Vascular spasms, formation of platelet plug, formation of fibrin clot

Describe the mechanism of vascular spasms in the process of hemostasis.

Stimulation of traumatized tissue and platelets, activation of nervous reflexes, release of vasoconstrictor substances, constriction of vascular smooth muscles

What is the function of the platelet plug in the process of hemostasis?

To form a temporary seal to cover the break in the vessel wall

What triggers the formation of vascular spasms after an injury?

<p>Stimulation of traumatized tissue and platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the process of hemostasis?

<p>Formation of fibrin clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main processes involved in platelet function?

<p>Platelet adhesion, platelet activation, platelet aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is known as Christmas factor?

<p>Factor IX</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the activation of the intrinsic pathway in the coagulation cascade?

<p>Exposure to collagen fibers underlying the endothelium or trauma to blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor form of plasmin present in plasma?

<p>Plasminogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) in fibrinolysis?

<p>To activate plasminogen to plasmin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the tests used to assess blood clotting?

<p>Bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do lymphatic vessels empty the lymph into?

<p>Right lymphatic duct and left lymphatic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spleen?

<p>Filters and stores blood, produces white blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ matures T cells that fight off foreign organisms?

<p>Thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the tonsils and adenoid in the lymphatic system?

<p>Trap pathogens from food and air</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are Peyer’s patches located?

<p>In the mucous membrane that lines the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the appendix in the lymphatic system?

<p>Destroy bacteria, house 'good bacteria'</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of Hemophilia and which factor is deficient in each?

<p>Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) and Hemophilia B (factor IX deficiency)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Vitamin K deficiency affect blood clotting?

<p>Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of prothrombin, Factor VII, Factor IX, and Factor X.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of Vitamin K deficiency?

<p>Liver diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Thrombus and Emboli.

<p>Thrombus is an abnormal blood clot in blood vessels, while Emboli are freely flowing/detached blood clots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and what does it lead to?

<p>DIC is massive intravascular coagulation that leads to the consumption of platelets and clotting factors, resulting in bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Anticoagulants and how do they work?

<p>Anticoagulants are chemicals/drugs that delay the clotting of blood. They prevent the formation of blood clots in veins, arteries, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of action of Heparin?

<p>Heparin potentiates anti-thrombin III activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Warfarin work as an anticoagulant?

<p>Warfarin is a Vitamin K antagonist that decreases the synthesis of prothrombin, Factor VII, IX, and X.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Sodium/Potassium citrate in blood collection tubes?

<p>Citrate combines with calcium in blood to prevent coagulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does EDTA function in basic hematological tests?

<p>EDTA strongly and irreversibly binds with ionic calcium to prevent the coagulation process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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