Hemostasis and Inflammatory Response

What primarily occurs immediately after an initial injury to address bleeding?

Which of the following correctly describes the inflammatory phase?

What is the main role of macrophages during the inflammatory phase?

During the proliferation/repair phase, which type of cells are primarily responsible for building new tissue?

What is a key characteristic of granulation tissue?

In the maturation/remodeling phase, what happens to the collagen in the healing wound?

What is true about scar tissue compared to uninjured tissue?

What occurs as a part of fibrinolysis after a temporary clot forms?

How long does the proliferation/repair phase typically last?

Which phase is characterized by the generation of new blood vessels and epithelial cells?

Hemostasis

Immediate response to injury; stops bleeding and activates white blood cells (WBCs) to fight infection.
Involves blood vessel constriction and platelet activation/clustering.
Blood clotting leads to a temporary fibrin clot.
Fibrinolysis (clot dissolution) is triggered, and cells migrate to the injury site for further healing.
Some sources place clot formation within the inflammatory phase.

Inflammatory Phase

Duration: Approximately 2-5 days.
Leukocytes (white blood cells) ingest bacteria and cellular debris.
Macrophages (large phagocytic cells) remove debris and release growth factors for epithelial cell and blood vessel growth.
Vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and increased capillary permeability allow plasma and blood components to leak out, forming exudate.
Exudate accumulation and increased blood flow result in acute inflammation.

Proliferation/Repair Phase

Also known as granulation, repair, fibroblastic, regenerative, or connective tissue phase.
Duration: Several weeks.
Fibroblasts build new tissue to fill the wound space.
Capillaries grow into the wound, delivering oxygen and nutrients.
Granulation tissue forms; the foundation for scar tissue.
Granulation tissue is highly vascular, red, and bleeds easily.
In wounds healing by first intention, epidermal cells seal the wound quickly; thus, granulation tissue may not be visible.

Maturation/Remodeling Phase

Begins approximately 3 weeks after injury.
Collagen remodeling strengthens the healed wound, making it more similar to surrounding tissue.
Collagen compresses blood vessels in the healing wound, leading to a thin scar.
Scar tissue is less elastic and does not sweat, grow hair, or tan.
Wound strength may not fully recover.

This quiz covers the key phases of hemostasis and inflammation, including the immediate response to injury and the phases of healing. Explore how blood clotting, leukocyte activity, and tissue repair contribute to the body's recovery. Test your knowledge on the biological processes involved in these critical stages of healing.