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Questions and Answers
What is the quaternary structure of hemoglobin?
What is the quaternary structure of hemoglobin?
Which type of protein is hemoglobin?
Which type of protein is hemoglobin?
What conformation of hemoglobin allows oxygen binding?
What conformation of hemoglobin allows oxygen binding?
How are the subunits of hemoglobin arranged?
How are the subunits of hemoglobin arranged?
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What is the name of the state in which the four subunits of hemoglobin are unable to attach oxygen?
What is the name of the state in which the four subunits of hemoglobin are unable to attach oxygen?
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What is the name of the state in which the four subunits of hemoglobin can carry attached oxygen?
What is the name of the state in which the four subunits of hemoglobin can carry attached oxygen?
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What is the process called when hemoglobin transitions from T state to R state?
What is the process called when hemoglobin transitions from T state to R state?
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What happens when hemoglobin is in T state in the lungs area?
What happens when hemoglobin is in T state in the lungs area?
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What effect do increased concentrations of protons and CO2 have on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
What effect do increased concentrations of protons and CO2 have on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
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What is the role of 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (BPG) in relation to hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
What is the role of 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (BPG) in relation to hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
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What is the name of the process that includes the digestion of molecules by cells in order to obtain energy?
What is the name of the process that includes the digestion of molecules by cells in order to obtain energy?
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What are the end products of cellular respiration from tissues that affect the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
What are the end products of cellular respiration from tissues that affect the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
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Study Notes
Hemoglobin Structure and Function
- Hemoglobin is a tetrameric protein, consisting of four subunits (α, β, α, β)
- The quaternary structure of hemoglobin is a tetrahedral arrangement of these subunits
- Hemoglobin is a globular protein
Oxygen Binding
- The R-state conformation of hemoglobin allows oxygen binding
- In this state, the subunits are arranged in a relaxed, open structure
- The T-state conformation, also known as the deoxy state, is when the four subunits are unable to attach oxygen
- The R-state conformation, also known as the oxy state, is when the four subunits can carry attached oxygen
Transition between States
- The process of transitioning from T-state to R-state is called cooperativity
- When hemoglobin is in T-state in the lungs area, it is able to bind to oxygen more efficiently
Factors Affecting Oxygen Affinity
- Increased concentrations of protons and CO2 reduce the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
- 2,3-biphosphoglycerate (BPG) decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
- This is important for releasing oxygen to tissues
Cellular Respiration
- Cellular respiration is the process by which cells digest molecules to obtain energy
- The end products of cellular respiration from tissues that affect the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen are CO2 and protons
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Description
Test your knowledge of hemoglobin with this quiz. Explore the quaternary structure, polypeptide chains, and heme groups of this crucial protein.
